Nephrology / Urology

The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, prostate, and testes; however, the collective term urologic cancers usually refer to the carcinoma of ... September 27, 2017 Lecturio read more

These are kidney diseases that involve structures outside the glomerulus. The causative agents incite a hypersensitivity reaction that leads to an inflammatory infiltrate s... September 27, 2017 Lecturio read more

Introduction to Renal Diagnostics The kidneys are paired retroperitoneal organs that weigh about 150 grams each and are the size of a man’s clenched fist. Each kidney is l... September 27, 2017 Lecturio read more

Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome is a renal disorder of children, characterized by nephrotic range proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia and edema. The most common type ... September 18, 2017 Lecturio read more

Rhabdomyolysis is a serious condition due to muscles injury with subsequent releasing of their contents into the blood. It can leads to serious complications, such as  elec... September 15, 2017 Lecturio read more

Hemolytic–uremic syndrome (HUS) consists of a triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal insufficiency (failure), with severity ranging f... September 13, 2017 Lecturio read more

It is common to detect proteinuria during routine urinalysis in children. Although transient proteinuria and orthostatic proteinuria are common and benign conditions, it is... September 11, 2017 Lecturio read more

Glomerulonephritis (GN) represents a range of disorders of the glomeruli that are immune-mediated. A common histopathological finding is the presence of immune complexes tr... September 9, 2017 Lecturio read more

Hematuria is a common clinical presentation of different conditions in children. Etiology of microscopic and gross hematuria is different. Detailed history, physical examin... September 8, 2017 Lecturio read more

In this article, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of painful testicles in children are described. Acute scrotu... September 4, 2017 Lecturio read more

Autosomal dominant pattern occurs in adults and is the fourth common cause of renal failure in the world. It mainly affects the kidneys, heart, brain, reproductive organs, ... August 29, 2017 Lecturio read more

Hypokalemia is defined as plasma potassium less than 3.5mEq/L. Only 1 % of the general population suffers from this disorder with the prevalence rising to 25 % among hospit... August 28, 2017 Lecturio read more