Invasive mechanical ventilation Ventilation The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing (IMV) is an advanced airway Airway ABCDE Assessment modality used for individuals with immediate or impending respiratory failure Respiratory failure Respiratory failure is a syndrome that develops when the respiratory system is unable to maintain oxygenation and/or ventilation. Respiratory failure may be acute or chronic and is classified as hypoxemic, hypercapnic, or a combination of the two. Respiratory Failure and/or in preparation for surgery. The IMV technique involves positive pressure ventilation Ventilation The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing delivered to the lungs Lungs Lungs are the main organs of the respiratory system. Lungs are paired viscera located in the thoracic cavity and are composed of spongy tissue. The primary function of the lungs is to oxygenate blood and eliminate CO2. Lungs: Anatomy through an endotracheal tube via a ventilator. The ventilator can be set to specific modes that determine how the machine assists with breathing. The modes are tailored to the individual's needs. The mode refers to the characteristics of mechanical ventilation Ventilation The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing and mainly includes trigger (how inspiration Inspiration Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing begins), cycle (how inspiration Inspiration Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing ends), and limit (when inspiration Inspiration Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing should be aborted). The most commonly used mode is assist-control ventilation Ventilation The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing, which is usually followed by pressure-support ventilation Ventilation The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing for weaning. Careful consideration should be exercised while planning extubation, as IMV is associated with complications.
Last updated: Mar 21, 2023
Invasive mechanical ventilation Ventilation The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing (IMV) is a form of advanced airway management Airway management An airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC) assessment is the mainstay for evaluating and treating critically ill individuals. The airway assessment helps identify individuals with potential obstruction of the airway, which may benefit from airway management techniques to ensure adequate ventilation and oxygenation. Airway Management used to deliver oxygen and/or to regulate ventilation Ventilation The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing at the level of the trachea Trachea The trachea is a tubular structure that forms part of the lower respiratory tract. The trachea is continuous superiorly with the larynx and inferiorly becomes the bronchial tree within the lungs. The trachea consists of a support frame of semicircular, or C-shaped, rings made out of hyaline cartilage and reinforced by collagenous connective tissue. Trachea: Anatomy through 3 main routes:
There are several modes of IMV that are managed jointly based on:
Invasive mechanical ventilation Ventilation The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing is not a benign Benign Fibroadenoma intervention:
Ventilator mode is described based on 3 characteristics, namely, trigger, cycle, and limit:
Standard ventilator setup:
An endotracheal tube (or tracheostomy) (1) placed in the individual’s trachea is attached to the tubing of the mechanical ventilator (2). The mechanical ventilator delivers oxygenated air through tubes into the individual’s respiratory tract. Air flowing to the individual (3) passes through a humidifier, where it is warmed and moistened. Exhaled air flowing away from the individual (4) is returned to the ventilator. The nurse periodically checks the individual and ventilator.
Standard ventilator user interface:
The top row of values displays respiratory parameters generated by the individual. The bottom row of values displays ventilator settings that can be manipulated by the operator depending on the clinical scenario and the needs of the individual.
Airway pressure tracings in the main modes of ventilation
Image by Lecturio.Airway pressure tracings in the main modes of ventilation
Image by Lecturio.Airway pressure tracings in the main modes of ventilation
Image by Lecturio.Commonly used to prevent ventilator-associated complications.
An SBT consists of minimal ventilator settings that can be used to predict the chances of successful extubation.
When extubating, consider trialing higher levels of supplemental O₂: