Enzyme kinetics is the study of enzyme-catalyzed reaction rates and what factors affect enzymatic reaction speeds. These parameters often include temperature, pH, and substrate concentration. The relation of these parameters to reaction velocity can be mathematically modeled, providing insight into ideal conditions for a particular enzymatic reaction and potential physiologic control mechanisms.
Last updated: 25 Mar, 2022
Graph showing the effect of temperature on
enzymes
Enzymes
Enzymes are complex protein biocatalysts that accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed by them. Due to the body’s constant metabolic needs, the absence of enzymes would make life unsustainable, as reactions would occur too slowly without these molecules.
Basics of Enzymes:
This is not using real data, just a diagram to show what the general pattern is. (Optimal temperature = 37.5°C here)
Optimum pH pH The quantitative measurement of the acidity or basicity of a solution. Acid-Base Balance and temperature at which enzymes Enzymes Enzymes are complex protein biocatalysts that accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed by them. Due to the body’s constant metabolic needs, the absence of enzymes would make life unsustainable, as reactions would occur too slowly without these molecules. Basics of Enzymes function
Image: “Effect of temperature on enzymes Enzymes Enzymes are complex protein biocatalysts that accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed by them. Due to the body’s constant metabolic needs, the absence of enzymes would make life unsustainable, as reactions would occur too slowly without these molecules. Basics of Enzymes” by domdomegg. License: CC BY 4.0, edited by Lecturio.Steady state conditions
Early changes in concentrations of S, enzyme (E), enzyme-substrate complex Enzyme-substrate complex Temporary molecule formed by the non-covalent binding of the enzyme and substrate. Basics of Enzymes (ES), and P change dramatically and are difficult to measure. Steady state occurs when changes in E and ES are relatively small.
Initial reaction rate (Vo)
The initial rate of the reaction is used to avoid the measurement of the reverse reaction once enough product Product A molecule created by the enzymatic reaction. Basics of Enzymes has been made.
Michaelis-Menten graph
Plotting the initial reaction rate (V0) on the y- axis Axis The second cervical vertebra. Vertebral Column: Anatomy against the substrate Substrate A substance upon which the enzyme acts. Basics of Enzymes concentration on the x- axis Axis The second cervical vertebra. Vertebral Column: Anatomy on a graph results in a hyperbolic curve, which approaches the maximum velocity Vmax at high substrate Substrate A substance upon which the enzyme acts. Basics of Enzymes concentrations due to saturation of the enzyme with substrate Substrate A substance upon which the enzyme acts. Basics of Enzymes.
Michaelis-Menten constant (KM)
KM is the substrate Substrate A substance upon which the enzyme acts. Basics of Enzymes concentration at which half-maximal velocity (½ Vmax) is reached (KM is measured on the x- axis Axis The second cervical vertebra. Vertebral Column: Anatomy while ½ Vmax is measured on the y- axis Axis The second cervical vertebra. Vertebral Column: Anatomy).
Lineweaver-Burke plot
1/V0 is plotted on the y- axis Axis The second cervical vertebra. Vertebral Column: Anatomy and 1 / [S] is plotted on the x- axis Axis The second cervical vertebra. Vertebral Column: Anatomy, resulting in a linear plot of the same data used in Michaelis-Menten kinetics.
Basics of Michaelis-Menten kinetics
Image by Lecturio.Michaelis-Menten graph:
Saturation curve for an enzyme reaction showing the relation between the
substrate
Substrate
A substance upon which the enzyme acts.
Basics of Enzymes concentration and reaction rate
Basics of Michaelis-Menten kinetics
Image by Lecturio.