Polycythemia Polycythemia An increase in the total red cell mass of the blood. Renal Cell Carcinoma vera (PV) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the overproduction of RBCs RBCs Erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), are the most abundant cells in the blood. While erythrocytes in the fetus are initially produced in the yolk sac then the liver, the bone marrow eventually becomes the main site of production. Erythrocytes: Histology. In addition, the WBC and platelet counts Platelet counts The number of platelets per unit volume in a sample of venous blood. Coagulation Studies are also increased, which differentiate PV from erythrocytosis seen with chronic hypoxia Hypoxia Sub-optimal oxygen levels in the ambient air of living organisms. Ischemic Cell Damage and other chronic conditions. Polycythemia Polycythemia An increase in the total red cell mass of the blood. Renal Cell Carcinoma vera is presumed to have a genetic basis due to mutations in the Janus kinase-2 gene Gene A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms. Basic Terms of Genetics. The clinical presentation includes disease-related symptoms that can affect various organ systems. Sometimes, the disease can be an incidental finding during laboratory testing. Diagnosis is based on peripheral blood analysis and bone marrow Bone marrow The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells. Bone Marrow: Composition and Hematopoiesis biopsy Biopsy Removal and pathologic examination of specimens from the living body. Ewing Sarcoma findings. Management is with phlebotomy Phlebotomy The techniques used to draw blood from a vein for diagnostic purposes or for treatment of certain blood disorders such as erythrocytosis, hemochromatosis, polycythemia vera, and porphyria cutanea tarda. Hereditary Hemochromatosis or drug therapy. The prognosis Prognosis A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations. Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas is generally good and patient survival is anticipated to improve further with the wide use of new therapies.
Last updated: Oct 24, 2022
Polycythemia Polycythemia An increase in the total red cell mass of the blood. Renal Cell Carcinoma vera (PV) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the overproduction of RBCs RBCs Erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), are the most abundant cells in the blood. While erythrocytes in the fetus are initially produced in the yolk sac then the liver, the bone marrow eventually becomes the main site of production. Erythrocytes: Histology (erythrocytosis), WBCs, and platelets Platelets Platelets are small cell fragments involved in hemostasis. Thrombopoiesis takes place primarily in the bone marrow through a series of cell differentiation and is influenced by several cytokines. Platelets are formed after fragmentation of the megakaryocyte cytoplasm. Platelets: Histology. This triad differentiates PV from erythrocytosis seen with chronic hypoxia Hypoxia Sub-optimal oxygen levels in the ambient air of living organisms. Ischemic Cell Damage and other conditions.
Polycythemia Polycythemia An increase in the total red cell mass of the blood. Renal Cell Carcinoma vera is often diagnosed incidentally when a CBC obtained for other reasons reveals increased hemoglobin and hematocrit Hematocrit The volume of packed red blood cells in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, anemia shows a low value; polycythemia, a high value. Neonatal Polycythemia. Patients Patients Individuals participating in the health care system for the purpose of receiving therapeutic, diagnostic, or preventive procedures. Clinician–Patient Relationship also present with disease-related symptoms or complications.
Polycythemia Polycythemia An increase in the total red cell mass of the blood. Renal Cell Carcinoma vera is suspected in patients Patients Individuals participating in the health care system for the purpose of receiving therapeutic, diagnostic, or preventive procedures. Clinician–Patient Relationship with characteristic physical findings and/or increased levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit Hematocrit The volume of packed red blood cells in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, anemia shows a low value; polycythemia, a high value. Neonatal Polycythemia on a CBC.
Rule out secondary causes of polycythemia Polycythemia An increase in the total red cell mass of the blood. Renal Cell Carcinoma (high EPO EPO Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the kidney in the adult and the liver in the fetus, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the bone marrow to stimulate proliferation and differentiation. Erythrocytes: Histology levels):
Other laboratory findings for primary PV:
Morphological bone marrow analysis shows no evident change in bone marrow fibrosis or blast percentage, and no significant lymphoid infiltrate.
Image: “Erdheim-Chester Disease With Multiorgan Involvement, Following Polycythemia Vera: A Case Report” by Iurlo, A., et al. License: CC BY 4.0, cropped by Lecturio.Blood smear of different RBC morphology in an individual with polycythemia vera
Image: “Polycythemia vera, blood smear” by The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP). License: Public Domain