Ocular Examination and Visual Acuity Assessment (MBBS India)

A comprehensive examination of the eyes and their functions is important for all individuals with ocular symptoms, and to screen for visual acuity, glaucoma, and retinal pathology. A routine examination includes testing for visual acuity, peripheral vision, and color vision, plus an examination of the external eye, conjunctiva, sclera, iris, pupil, and extraocular movements. Primary care clinicians evaluate and refer for visual acuity issues, and treat minor eye conditions such as infections, hordeola (styes), and corneal abrasions. Slit-lamp exams are performed by eye specialists or emergency providers to examine the cornea, anterior chamber, lens, and fundus. Dilated exams help examine the retina. Annual examinations are recommended for individuals with diabetes for early detection and treatment of retinopathy.