The physical examination of the head and neck region is a fundamental part of the standard physical exam and usually constitutes the first portion of the test. This exam understandably relies on the previous comprehension of the anatomy and physiology of the relevant structures.
The order in which it is performed may vary, but establishing a routine where all aspects of the exam are included is important to avoid excluding a component. Consistency in this routine enables the physician to perform the exam quickly and efficiently while still being able to identify abnormal versus normal conditions.
The assessment focuses on the integrity of the skull, proper functioning of the cranial nerves, senses of hearing and sight, muscles of facial expression, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, regional lymph nodes, and the thyroid gland.
A thorough examination of the eyes is required for the physical examination to be complete. Such examination encompasses everything pertaining to the eyes, from the inspection of the surrounding tissues to the visualization of the fundus, and assessment of visual acuity. For optimal understanding, medical students need to be familiarized with the basic anatomy and histology of the eyes, and the basic physiology of the sense of sight and inflammatory processes.
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Great videos and good points to keep for the future