Vascular Medicine

Vascular Medicine

Vascular Medicine

by Joseph Alpert, MD

Vascular medicine is the branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis and management of diseases affecting the blood vessels. Common conditions include atherosclerosis and peripheral arterial disease; venous diseases including deep vein thrombosis, vasculitides, and vascular malformations; and diseases of the lymph vessels.

For optimal comprehension, the student should have prior knowledge of the histological characteristics of arteries, veins, and lymph vessels, and the mechanisms of humoral and cell-mediated immunity. A thorough understanding of coagulation factors and the physiology of coagulation is encouraged.

Vascular diseases, most notably hypertension, are one of the most important public health concerns in the western world. The morbidity and complications associated with these vascular diseases can impair the function and quality of life of the affected individual.

Clinicians should be able to identify the most common signs and symptoms associated with vascular anomalies. Moreover, they should know the differences between pathologies that can be controlled at an outpatient level (e.g., mild hypertension) and those that require specialized or urgent care (e.g., deep vein thrombosis and subsequent pulmonary embolism).

Course Details

Videos 78
Duration 4:26 h
Quiz questions 161
Concept Pages 45

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Content

Raynaud's Phenomenon

Raynaud's phenomenon refers to an abnormally marked and sudden vasoconstrictive response to cold temperature or emotional stress. The condition was first described by a medical student, Maurice Raynaud, in 1862. These "vasospastic attacks" are usually but not always limited to the fingers or toes and are associated with sharply demarcated triphasic color changes at the distal portions of the digits. There is initial blanching with numbness, followed by cyanosis, both of which correspond to the phase of constricted blood flow; subsequently, there is a red blush of reperfusion after rewarming or resolution of the provocative stressful event. Raynaud's phenomenon may be primary (idiopathic) or secondary. Patienten*innen stellen sich häufig im zweiten und dritten Lebensjahrzehnt mit einer rezidivierenden, intermittierenden Makrohämaturie vor. Viele Patienten*innen haben asymptomatische Verläufe und fallen in Routineuntersuchungen durch eine Mikrohämaturie und/oder Proteinurie auf. Häufig hatten die Betroffenen einen vorausgegangenen Infekt der oberen Atemwege oder des Magen-Darm-Trakts. Die Diagnose wird anhand von Anamnese, klinischem Erscheinungsbild und Labordiagnostik gestellt. Die sichere Diagnosestellung erfolgt durch eine Nierenbiopsie mit Immunfluoreszenzfärbung. Da die Erkrankung meist einen guten Verlauf hat, wird die Nierenbiospie nur bei schweren oder chronischen Verläufen durchgeführt. Die Behandlung ist abhängig vom Schweregrad der Proteinurie, der Nierenfunktion und den pathologischen Veränderungen. Zu den Behandlungsmöglichkeiten zählen ACE-Hemmer oder Angiotensin-Rezeptor-Blocker (ARBs), um das Fortschreiten der Krankheit zu verlangsamen. Eine persistierende Proteinurie und ein Anstieg des Kreatinins sind Indikationen für eine immunsuppressive Therapie mit Glukokortikoiden und ggf. Zytostatika.

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Your Educators of course Vascular Medicine

Joseph Alpert, MD

Dr. Joseph Alpert is the Professor of Medicine in the Department of Medicine, Director of Coronary Care and Medical Director of Cardiac Rehabilitation at the University of Arizona (UA) College of Medicine, USA.
He obtained his Medical Degree cum laude from Harvard Medical School in 1969. Currently, he is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Association of Professors of Medicine, and Editor-in-Chief of The American Journal of Medicine.
Due to his achievements, he earned the Gifted Teacher Award from the American College of Cardiology in 2004.
Within Lecturio, Dr. Alpert teaches courses on Cardiology and the Cardiac System.

User reviews

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Like all the lectures Of profesor Alpert this is very clear, and useful.

By Hilda Maria P. on 20. September 2023 for Atherosclerosis: Etiology

Like all the lectures Of profesor Alpert this is very clear, and useful. He explain slouly and know what student need to understand step by step. Thank you profesor Alpert.

Arterial Diseases by a professor Joseph Alpert, MD.

By Gulbanu S. on 20. September 2022 for Arterial Diseases

Arterial disease are explained superbly . Thank you very much indeed.

Good

By José Manuel R. on 12. September 2022 for Deep Vein Thrombosis: Pathogenesis

It´s a really good video, enough infomration and a easy way to understand it.

Profesor Alpert is just great

By Paula O. on 05. January 2022 for Arterial Diseases

Prof. Jseph Alpert is amazing. He explains everything in such a clear and simple way that makes everything very easy. It all just makes perfect sense after listening to Profesor Alpert. I highly recommend his lectures

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