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Aortic Dissection — Classification and Diagnosis

Aortic dissection is a rare but serious medical condition. It can be suddenly fatal and needs to be detected early. 40% of people do not survive once the aorta dissects and therefore despite its rare nature, patients with related symptoms should be thoroughly investigated.

Types of Shock — Definitions

One mainly realizes the importance of functioning blood circulation if it suddenly stops working. If the circulation system decompensates and tissue cannot sufficiently be supplied, the state of the patient can severely worsen within very little time – and you have to act quickly. Shock is life threatening. Thus, it is absolutely necessary that you know all about it as a prospective physician. Here you learn the 3 main causes of shock, and how to treat each of them.

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) — Risk Factors and Prognosis

Aortic aneurysm is a common and serious condition that can be fatal upon rupture. The aneurysm can be detected months or years before a rupture occurs but commonly goes undetected, due to its asymptomatic nature in its early stages. Ideally, early detection prevents complications and reduces the mortality rate of this condition. Knowledge on Aortic aneurysm is essential for physicians, especially as a differential diagnosis for abdominal, back, chest and leg pain. It needs to be excluded early even if there is a small possibility of its existence due to its high mortality rate. Unpredictable sudden rupture of aortic aneurysms can quickly lead to hypovolemic shock or death.

Atherosclerosis (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease) — Definition and Pathology

Atherosclerosis is an incurable disease, but for which there are clearly defined risk factors that often can be reduced through a change in lifestyle and behavior of the patient. It is the most abundant primary disease of the arterial vascular system and is responsible for coronary heart disease, the leading cause of death worldwide.

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure, HBP) — Classification and Clinical Signs

With a prevalence of approximately 50 %, arterial hypertension is a very common disease. Blood pressure is a risk factor of secondary diseases such as stroke, CHD and cardiac insufficiency. Social connections as well as a relationship between hypertension, body weight and age are apparent. Many individuals with hypertension are not treated at all or receive insufficient therapy and, in many cases, are not aware they have the disease.

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) — Definition, Stages and Treatment

Peripheral artery disease, shortly referred to as PAD, is a condition caused due to atherosclerosis. Estimated to be affecting around 200 million people in 2010, the intermittent claudication is a medical entity of rising impact, which every prospective physician should master. The underlying atherosclerosis is not only the most common arterial vascular disease but also the pathologic substrate for many other common and often life-threatening diseases. These include strokes, heart attacks or aneurysms—comorbidities and risks, which can first manifest as PAD. This article´s purpose is to illustrate how PAD is diagnosed and treated as well as to provide exam-oriented information.

Shock as Cardinal Symptom and an Overview of Differential Diagnosis

Clinical parameters have to be met for making the diagnosis of shock. However, differential diagnosis are also of great importance since without knowing the cause, this life-threatening condition can recur at any time.

Overview of Vascular Diseases

Vascular diseases are any abnormal conditions that affect the circulatory system and are responsible for more mortality and morbidity than any other category of human disease. The spectrum of pathology encompasses congenital and acquired disorders that are arterial, venous, capillary or lymphatic in origin. Vascular disease can affect virtually any vessel in the body and present with different symptoms in different regions of the body. The most commonly involved areas include the heart, head, neck, and upper and lower extremities. Less commonly, vessels supplying the bowel may be involved leading to bowel infarction.

Arterial Diseases – Atherosclerosis 25:48 min

Arterial Diseases – Atherosclerosis 13 questions

Arterial Diseases – Atherosclerosis 1 topic reviews
Arterial Diseases – PAD 10:22 min

Arterial Diseases – PAD 2 questions

Arterial Diseases – PAD 1 topic reviews
Arterial Diseases – Aortic Aneurysms 17:11 min

Arterial Diseases – Aortic Aneurysms 3 questions

Arterial Diseases – Aortic Aneurysms 1 topic reviews
Other Arterial Diseases 20:57 min

Other Arterial Diseases 3 questions

Other Arterial Diseases 2 topic reviews
Arterial Diseases – Hypertension 39:46 min

Arterial Diseases – Hypertension 4 questions

Arterial Diseases – Hypertension 1 topic reviews
Arterial Diseases – Hypotension and Shock 11:23 min

Arterial Diseases – Hypotension and Shock 4 questions

Arterial Diseases – Hypotension and Shock 2 topic reviews

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Arterial Diseases

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Your Educators of course Arterial Diseases

Joseph Alpert, MD

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