Inhibidores de la Recaptación de Serotonina y Medicamentos Antidepresivos Similares

Estructura Química y Farmacodinamia

Mecanismos de acción

• Inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina (ISRS):
  • Varían considerablemente en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum sus estructuras químicas
  • Tienen mecanismos de acción similares, que dan como resultado un aumento de la serotonina sináptica (también conocida como 5-hidroxitriptamina ( 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS))
• Los LOS Neisseria inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina tienen un mecanismo de acción similar a los LOS Neisseria ISRS:
  • Las estructuras químicas de la duloxetina, el milnaciprán y la venlafaxina son diferentes.
  • La desvenlafaxina y la venlafaxina son feniletilaminas bicíclicas con una estructura similar.
  • La duloxetina es un derivado del naftaleno.
• Antagonistas e inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina: trazodona y nefazodona
  • Inhiben la recaptación de serotonina bloqueando el receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS_2A (antagonista)
  • Inducen cambios significativos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria receptores adrenérgicos del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS presináptico
  • Bloquean los LOS Neisseria receptores de histamina (H₁) y adrenérgicos α-1
• Agonista parcial del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS_1A: vilazodona
  • Inhibe la captación de serotonina de las neuronas del SNC
  • Ningún efecto significativo sobre la recaptación de norepinefrina o dopamina
• Modulador y estimulador de serotonina: vortioxetina
  • Inhibe la recaptación de serotonina
  • Tiene actividad agonista en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS_1A y actividad antagonista en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS₃

Farmacodinamia

• ISRS:
  • “Selectivos”: tienen afinidad por el receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors de serotonina y muy poca afinidad por otros receptores
  • Existen muchos tipos de receptores de serotonina presinápticos y postsinápticos (e.g., 5-HT2A y 5-HT2C).
  • Los LOS Neisseria ISRS disminuyen la acción de la bomba de recaptación de serotonina presináptica en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum un 60%–80% → aumentan los LOS Neisseria niveles de 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la hendidura sináptica
  • La elevación en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria niveles de serotonina no es suficiente para tratar la depresión. El efecto beneficioso sobre el estado de ánimo tarda varias semanas y se produce debido a:
    • Mayor producción de proteínas neuroprotectoras
    • Tratamiento con un ISRS durante semanas que modifica a los LOS Neisseria receptores serotoninérgicos.
• Inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina:
  • Varían en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum su afinidad por los LOS Neisseria transportadores de serotonina y norepinefrina→ ↑ niveles de norepinefrina y 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la hendidura sináptica
  • El grado en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum que se inhibe la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina depende de la dosis y el medicamento.
• Antagonistas e inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina
  • Relativamente dirigidos a los LOS Neisseria receptores 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS_2A y 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS_2C
  • 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS_2A y 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS_2C son receptores mediados por proteína G ubicados en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la neocorteza → acción antidepresiva
  • También bloquean los LOS Neisseria receptores H₁
• Efectos fisiológicos:
  • Los LOS Neisseria síntomas físicos pueden mejorar en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las 1ras 1–2 semanas (energía, sueño, apetito).
  • Los LOS Neisseria síntomas afectivos mejoran después de los LOS Neisseria síntomas físicos (estado de ánimo, concentración, autoestima).

Farmacocinética

Inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina

• Absorción:
  • Buena absorción en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el tracto gastrointestinal, no se ven afectados por los LOS Neisseria alimentos
  • Alcanzan los LOS Neisseria niveles plasmáticos máximos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum unas pocas horas
• Distribución:
  • Lipofílicos
  • Ampliamente distribuidos por todo el cuerpo (incluido el cerebro)
• Metabolismo:
  • A través de las vías del citocromo P450 (CYP)2D6, CYP3A4 CYP3A4 Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Potassium Channel Blockers) y CYP2C19: importante para las interacciones medicamentosas
  • Las vidas medias varían de 21 horas (paroxetina) a 5 días (fluoxetina después de un uso prolongado).
  • La fluoxetina se puede dosificar en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum días alternos debido a su semivida muy larga.
  • Todos los LOS Neisseria ISRS, excepto la fluvoxamina, producen metabolitos farmacológicamente activos.
  • La fluoxetina es el único medicamento con un metabolito activo que tiene actividad antidepresiva.
• Se excreta en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la orina y las heces

Inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina

• Absorción:
  • La comida disminuye la velocidad de absorción pero no el grado de absorción.
  • Tomarlo con las comidas puede reducir las náuseas, que generalmente es el efecto secundario más común de los LOS Neisseria inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina.
• Distribución:
  • La duloxetina se une en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum gran medida a las proteínas y se somete principalmente a un aclaramiento hepático.
  • Otros inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina no están tan unidos a proteínas como la duloxetina. La excreción renal juega un papel importante en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum su aclaramiento.
• Metabolismo:
  • Importantes diferencias interindividuales en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el aclaramiento de los LOS Neisseria inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina
  • Las dosis pueden variar sustancialmente entre individuos.
• Excreción:
  • Parcialmente metabolizados por los LOS Neisseria riñones y excretados en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la orina
  • Es posible que se requieran ajustes de dosis en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum personas con ERC.

Antagonistas e inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina = trazodona (la nefazodona no está disponible actualmente en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum EE. UU.)

• Medicamento de acción corta con una vida media de 7 horas
• Metabolizado a través de la vía CYP3A4 CYP3A4 Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Potassium Channel Blockers)
• Excretado en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la orina

Modulador y estimulador de serotonina = vortioxetina

• Unión a proteínas: 98%
• Metabolismo hepático principalmente a través de la oxidación por isoenzimas del CYP450, principalmente CYP2D6, y posterior conjugación del ácido glucurónico a un metabolito del ácido carboxílico inactivo
• Larga vida media de eliminación: aproximadamente 66 horas (provoca menos síntomas de abstinencia si se omiten las dosis)
• Se excreta en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la orina y las heces

Agonista parcial del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors 5-hidroxitriptamina_1A = vilazodona

• Unión a proteínas: aproximadamente 96%–99%
• Metabolismo: ampliamente hepático a través del CYP3A4 CYP3A4 Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Potassium Channel Blockers) (vía principal) y CYP2C19 y CYP2D6 (vías secundarias)
• Vida media de eliminación: aproximadamente 25 horas

Clasificación e Indicaciones

Los LOS Neisseria medicamentos antidepresivos que afectan los LOS Neisseria niveles de serotonina en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el cerebro para tratar la depresión, la ansiedad y otras afecciones se clasifican en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum varios grupos. Los LOS Neisseria antidepresivos que se recetan con mayor frecuencia son los LOS Neisseria ISRS. Otras clases importantes de antidepresivos incluyen inhibidores de la monoaminooxidasa (IMAO), antidepresivos tricíclicos, y el inhibidor de la recaptación de dopamina/norepinefrina, bupropión.

Clasificación

Los LOS Neisseria nombres comerciales de los LOS Neisseria medicamentos de uso común se enumeran entre paréntesis para una mayor comprensión.

• ISRS:
  • Citalopram Citalopram A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from tardive dyskinesia in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia. Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Similar Antidepressants (Celexa)
  • Escitalopram Escitalopram Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Similar Antidepressants (Lexapro)
  • Fluoxetina (Prozac)
  • Fluvoxamina (Luvox)
  • Paroxetina (Paxil)
  • Sertralina (Zoloft)
• Inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina:
  • Duloxetina (Cymbalta)
  • Venlafaxina (Effexor)
  • Desvenlafaxina (Pristiq)
  • Milnaciprán (Savella)
• Antagonistas e inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina
  • Trazodona (genérico)
  • Nefazodona: actualmente no está disponible en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum EE. UU. (agosto 2021), pero es posible que pronto esté disponible
• Modulador y estimulador de serotonina: vortioxetina (Trintellix)

Indicaciones

Los LOS Neisseria antidepresivos se utilizan para tratar varias afecciones psiquiátricas y los LOS Neisseria ISRS/inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina/antagonistas e inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina/modulador y estimulador de serotonina se usan con mayor frecuencia para tratar el trastorno depresivo mayor, como la depresión unipolar Unipolar Nervous System: Histology, los LOS Neisseria trastornos de ansiedad y también para tratar el dolor Dolor Inflammation crónico.

Indicaciones generales de los LOS Neisseria medicamentos antidepresivos:

• Trastorno depresivo mayor:
  • Los LOS Neisseria ISRS generalmente son los LOS Neisseria medicamentos preferidos de 1ra línea (excepto la fluvoxamina).
  • Se debe considerar la terapia concomitante con terapia psicosocial/conductual.
• Trastornos de ansiedad:
  • Trastorno de ansiedad generalizada
  • Trastorno de ansiedad social
  • Trastorno de pánico
• Trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo: los LOS Neisseria ISRS y los LOS Neisseria inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina son eficaces.
• Dolor Dolor Inflammation crónico:
  • Dolor Dolor Inflammation neuropático
  • Dolor Dolor Inflammation musculoesquelético crónico
  • Fibromialgia:
    • Duloxetina
    • Milnaciprán (Savella) indicado para la fibromialgia, no para la depresión
• Usos únicos de algunos medicamentos que pueden preferirse a otros medicamentos similares:
  • Eyaculación precoz: sertralina
  • Síntomas vasomotores de la menopausia: paroxetina, venlafaxina, escitalopram Escitalopram Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Similar Antidepressants
  • La vulvodinia puede responder a los LOS Neisseria inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina.
  • Profilaxis de la migraña en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum personas sin depresión: escitalopram Escitalopram Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Similar Antidepressants, venlafaxina
  • TEPT: venlafaxina, paroxetina
  • Bulimia Bulimia Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of time, as seen in the disorder of bulimia nervosa. It is caused by an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as ‘ox hunger’. Bulimia Nervosa nerviosa: fluoxetina
  • Trastorno disfórico premenstrual: fluoxetina, sertralina
  • Insomnio: la trazodona se utiliza como auxiliar para conciliar el sueño que para tratar la depresión.
  • La atomoxetina (Strattera) se utiliza para el TDAH y la narcolepsia:
    • Se desconoce el mecanismo de acción exacto; sin embargo, inhibe selectivamente la recaptación de norepinefrina.
    • No se utiliza para la depresión

Efectos Secundarios y Contraindicaciones

Ninguno de los LOS Neisseria ISRS afecta significativamente a los LOS Neisseria receptores α-adrenérgicos, histamínicos o colinérgicos, excepto la paroxetina, que tiene un efecto antagonista débil sobre los LOS Neisseria receptores colinérgicos. Los LOS Neisseria efectos secundarios de todos los LOS Neisseria ISRS se deben a sus efectos sobre los LOS Neisseria receptores de serotonina.

Efectos secundarios

ISRS:

• Gastrointestinales:
  • Náuseas
  • Diarrea (más común con la sertralina)
  • Xerostomía (boca seca)
• Diaforesis
• Disfunción sexual:
  • Anorgasmia en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum mujeres u orgasmo retardado en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum hombres (la sertralina puede usarse como tratamiento para la eyaculación precoz)
  • Disminución de la libido
  • Disfunción eréctil
• Cambios de peso: también pueden deberse a la misma depresión
  • Se puede observar aumento de peso con la paroxetina.
  • Se puede observar pérdida de peso con la fluoxetina.
• Neurológicos:
  • Mareo
  • Cefalea
  • Depresión del SNC
• Insomnio
• Mayor riesgo de hemorragia debido a la inhibición de la captación de serotonina plaquetaria (e interacción medicamentosa con el clopidogrel Clopidogrel A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic p2y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated platelet aggregation. It is used to prevent thromboembolism in patients with arterial occlusive diseases; myocardial infarction; stroke; or atrial fibrillation. Antiplatelet Drugs)
• Efectos hipoglucémicos (e interacciones medicamentosas con las sulfonilureas)
• Hiponatremia
• Cardiovasculares: el citalopram Citalopram A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from tardive dyskinesia in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia. Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Similar Antidepressants puede causar prolongación del intervalo QT.

Inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina, vilazodona y vortioxetina:

• Efectos secundarios similares a los LOS Neisseria ISRS
• Los LOS Neisseria inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina pueden provocar un ligero aumento de la presión arterial.

Trazodona (antagonistas e inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina):

• Gastrointestinales:
  • Estreñimiento
  • Náuseas
• Xerostomía (boca seca)
• Neurológicos/psiquiátricos:
  • Mareo
  • Cefalea
  • Sedación
• Visión borrosa

Síndrome de discontinuación:

• Ocurre con mayor frecuencia en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum personas que toman dosis más elevadas
• Se observa comúnmente en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum medicamentos con vidas medias más cortas
• Riesgo mínimo con la fluoxetina
• Mayor riesgo con la paroxetina y la venlafaxina
• El riesgo se puede reducir disminuyendo lentamente las dosis durante varias semanas.
• La interrupción abrupta de ISRS o inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina puede causar:
  • Mareo
  • Fatiga
  • Cefalea
  • Náuseas
  • Insomnio
  • Irritabilidad
  • Parestesias: incluida una sensación de descargas “eléctricas”

Síndrome serotoninérgico (un efecto secundario potencialmente mortal):

• Generalmente causado por > 1 medicamento que afecta al AL Amyloidosis receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors de serotonina
• Se describió por 1ra vez como una reacción entre los LOS Neisseria ISRS y los LOS Neisseria IMAO
• Combinaciones de medicamentos con ISRS/inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina/otros antidepresivos serotoninérgicos:
  • Para tratar la migraña: triptanos y ergot
  • Antidepresivos: antidepresivos tricíclicos, IMAO, antipsicóticos
  • Anticonvulsivantes: carbamazepina, ácido valproico
  • Medicamento contra la ansiedad: buspirona
  • Analgésicos opioides: tramadol Tramadol A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating. Opioid Analgesics, metadona, codeína
  • Medicamentos para la tos TOS Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a broad term used for a spectrum of syndromes related to the general region of the thoracic outlet, which involves the compression or irritation of elements of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome de venta libre: dextrometorfano
  • Suplementos herbales para la depresión: hierba de San Juan, 5-HTP
  • Antibiótico: linezolid Linezolid An oxazolidinone and acetamide derived anti-bacterial agent and protein synthesis inhibitor that is used in the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections of the skin and respiratory tract. Oxazolidinones
  • Relajante muscular: ciclobenzaprina
  • Drogas ilícitas: cocaína, metanfetamina
• Los LOS Neisseria síntomas incluyen estimulación del SNC, estimulación cardiovascular y estimulación gastrointestinal:
  • Rigidez muscular severa
  • Midriasis Midriasis Pupil: Physiology and Abnormalities
  • Mioclonías
  • Hiperreflexia
  • Hipertermia
  • Convulsiones
  • Taquicardia
  • Presión arterial inestable
  • Diarrea

Mnemotecnia para recordar las manifestaciones del síndrome serotoninérgico: “Madam’s tips” ( en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum inglés):

• M = Mental status changes (cambios del estado mental)
• A = Agitation Agitation A feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous system drug toxicity or other conditions. St. Louis Encephalitis Virus (agitación)
• D = Diarrhea Diarrhea Diarrhea is defined as ≥ 3 watery or loose stools in a 24-hour period. There are a multitude of etiologies, which can be classified based on the underlying mechanism of disease. The duration of symptoms (acute or chronic) and characteristics of the stools (e.g., watery, bloody, steatorrheic, mucoid) can help guide further diagnostic evaluation. Diarrhea (diarrea)
• A = Ataxia Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or peripheral nerve diseases. Motor ataxia may be associated with cerebellar diseases; cerebral cortex diseases; thalamic diseases; basal ganglia diseases; injury to the red nucleus; and other conditions. Ataxia-telangiectasia ( ataxia Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or peripheral nerve diseases. Motor ataxia may be associated with cerebellar diseases; cerebral cortex diseases; thalamic diseases; basal ganglia diseases; injury to the red nucleus; and other conditions. Ataxia-telangiectasia)
• M = Myoclonus Myoclonus Involuntary shock-like contractions, irregular in rhythm and amplitude, followed by relaxation, of a muscle or a group of muscles. This condition may be a feature of some central nervous system diseases; (e.g., epilepsy-myoclonic). Nocturnal myoclonus is the principal feature of the nocturnal myoclonus syndrome. Neurological Examination (mioclono)
• S = Shivering Shivering Involuntary contraction or twitching of the muscles. It is a physiologic method of heat production in man and other mammals. Body Temperature Regulation (temblores)
• T = Tachycardia Tachycardia Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a heart rate above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia. Sepsis in Children (taquicardia)
• I = Increased reflexes (aumento de los LOS Neisseria reflejos)
• P = Pyrexia (pirexia)
• S = Sweating (sudoración)

Interacciones medicamentosas

• Tanto los LOS Neisseria factores farmacológicos como los LOS Neisseria factores del paciente pueden contribuir a la toxicidad de los LOS Neisseria ISRS/inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum algunas personas.
  • Factores farmacológicos: algunos ISRS e inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina son inhibidores moderados o potentes del citocromo P450 hepático → interacciones medicamentosas al AL Amyloidosis alterar los LOS Neisseria niveles sanguíneos de otros medicamentos que dependen de estas enzimas para su eliminación o activación
  • Factores del paciente: la enzima puede funcionar de manera diferente en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum individuos con variaciones significativas en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el gen del CYP2D6.
    • “Metabolizadores lentos”
    • “Metabolizadores extensivos”
• Los LOS Neisseria CYP son enzimas hepáticas que metabolizan varios medicamentos:
  • Hacen que el medicamento sea más o menos activo
  • Las combinaciones de medicamentos que utilizan la misma vía metabólica pueden provocar efectos secundarios graves.
  • Ejemplos de la familia de proteínas CYP450 utilizadas por los LOS Neisseria antidepresivos:
    • CYP2D6
    • CYP3A4 CYP3A4 Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Potassium Channel Blockers)
    • CYP2C9 CYP2C9 A cytochrome p-450 subtype that has specificity for acidic xenobiotics. It oxidizes a broad range of important clinical drugs that fall under the categories of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents; hypoglycemic agents; anticoagulants; and diuretics. Anticoagulants
    • CYP1A2
• Interacciones de los LOS Neisseria ISRS con otros medicamentos que son metabolizados por las enzimas CYP450:
  • El citalopram Citalopram A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from tardive dyskinesia in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia. Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Similar Antidepressants y el escitalopram Escitalopram Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Similar Antidepressants inhiben las enzimas hepáticas en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum mucha menor cantidad que otros ISRS.
  • La fluoxetina y la paroxetina son potentes inhibidores del CYP2D6 que provocan niveles ↑ de sustrato 2D6
  • Otros inhibidores del CYP2D6 que pueden interactuar con los LOS Neisseria ISRS y deben utilizarse con precaución:
    • Agentes antiarrítmicos: amiodarona, quinidina
    • Antagonista del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors de histamina H₂: ranitidina
    • Bupropión (un antidepresivo en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum su propia clase)
    • Cinacalcet Cinacalcet Calcimimetics (utilizado para el hiperparatiroidismo)
  • Otros sustratos del CYP2D6 ( los LOS Neisseria ISRS pueden interactuar con otros medicamentos y provocar un aumento de los LOS Neisseria niveles del medicamento y sus efectos secundarios):
    • β-bloqueadores:
      • Utilizados para la hipertensión o afecciones cardíacas: propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs, metoprolol Metoprolol A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat angina pectoris; hypertension; and cardiac arrhythmias. Antiadrenergic Drugs, atenolol Atenolol A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to propranolol, but without a negative inotropic effect. Class 2 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Beta Blockers), bisoprolol Bisoprolol A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris. Class 2 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Beta Blockers)
      • La combinación con ISRS puede ↑ los LOS Neisseria niveles del medicamento y causar hipotensión
    • Tamoxifeno: utilizado para tratar el cáncer de mama
    • Medicamentos contra las náuseas: ondansetrón, metoclopramida
    • Otros antidepresivos:
      • Tricíclicos (amitriptilina, imipramina, nortriptilina)
      • Combinación con ISRS puede ↑ los LOS Neisseria niveles del medicamento y causar síndrome serotoninérgico
    • Antipsicóticos:
      • Aripiprazol, haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics, olanzapina, quetiapina, risperidona
      • La combinación con ISRS puede ↑ niveles del medicamento y provocar el síndrome serotoninérgico
    • Antihistamínicos de 1ra generación/antagonistas de los LOS Neisseria receptores H₁: clorfeniramina, difenhidramina
    • Relajantes musculares: ciclobenzaprina
    • Analgésicos/analgésicos opioides: codeína o tramadol Tramadol A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating. Opioid Analgesics
• Sustratos del CYP3A4 CYP3A4 Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Potassium Channel Blockers): los LOS Neisseria ISRS pueden interactuar con:
  • Algunos bloqueadores de los LOS Neisseria canales de calcio
  • Estatinas
  • Benzodiacepinas
  • Hipnóticos: zopiclona y zolpidem
  • Antibióticos macrólidos: claritromicina y azitromicina
  • Medicamentos psiquiátricos: haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics, mirtazapina
  • Antivirales utilizados en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el tratamiento del VIH
• Inhibidores e inductores del CYP3A4 CYP3A4 Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Potassium Channel Blockers): los LOS Neisseria ISRS también pueden interactuar con:
  • Antifúngicos: ketoconazol
  • Bloqueadores de los LOS Neisseria canales de calcio: específicamente diltiazem Diltiazem A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of calcium ion on membrane functions. Class 4 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Calcium Channel Blockers) y verapamilo
  • Jugo de toronja
  • Antivirales utilizados en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el tratamiento del VIH (se debe considerar que también son sustratos del CYP34, como se listaron anteriormente)
  • Anticonvulsivantes: carbamazepina, fenitoína, barbitúricos
  • Rifampicina
  • Hierba de San Juan
• Vía CYP2C9 CYP2C9 A cytochrome p-450 subtype that has specificity for acidic xenobiotics. It oxidizes a broad range of important clinical drugs that fall under the categories of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents; hypoglycemic agents; anticoagulants; and diuretics. Anticoagulants: la fluoxetina también puede interactuar con:
  • Antifúngicos: voriconazol
  • Algunos antidepresivos tricíclicos
  • Benzodiacepinas
  • Inhibidores de la bomba de protones: omeprazol
  • Sulfonilureas: glipizida o glimepirida
• La fluvoxamina (un ISRS diferente) es un potente inhibidor del CYP2C9 CYP2C9 A cytochrome p-450 subtype that has specificity for acidic xenobiotics. It oxidizes a broad range of important clinical drugs that fall under the categories of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents; hypoglycemic agents; anticoagulants; and diuretics. Anticoagulants:
  • ↑ Niveles de los LOS Neisseria antipsicóticos de clozapina, tioridazina y olanzapina
  • Contraindicada con el medicamento hipnótico ramelteon (Rozerem), la melatonina y el relajante muscular tizanidina (Zanaflex) debido al AL Amyloidosis riesgo de provocar un aumento de los LOS Neisseria niveles del medicamento y depresión del SNC
• Interacciones medicamentosas de los LOS Neisseria inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina:
  • La duloxetina es un inhibidor moderadamente potente del CYP2D6 y puede interactuar con otros medicamentos:
    • ↑ Niveles de metoprolol Metoprolol A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat angina pectoris; hypertension; and cardiac arrhythmias. Antiadrenergic Drugs
    • ↑ Niveles de tioridazina y riesgo de prolongación del intervalo QT
  • Otros inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina (venlafaxina, desvenlafaxina y milnaciprán) no tienen efectos significativos sobre las enzimas CYP.
• Interacciones medicamentosas de los LOS Neisseria antagonistas e inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina(trazodona):
  • Algunos sedantes o depresores del SNC pueden aumentar la sedación:
    • Opioides
    • Benzodiacepinas
    • Barbitúricos
    • Etanol
  • Inhibidores potentes del CYP2D6 (paroxetina, tamsulosina): ↑ niveles de trazodona
• Interacciones medicamentosas del agonista parcial del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors 5-HT 5-HT A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid l-tryptophan. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS_1A (vilazodona):
  • Efectos secundarios y contraindicaciones similares a los LOS Neisseria de los LOS Neisseria ISRS
  • Interacciones medicamentosas: potentes inhibidores del CYP3A4 CYP3A4 Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Potassium Channel Blockers) ↑ niveles de vilazodona
    • Antibióticos: claritromicina, azitromicina
    • Antifúngicos: itraconazol, ketoconazol
    • Antivirales: indinavir Indinavir A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability. Anti-HIV Drugs, nelfinavir Nelfinavir A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children. Anti-HIV Drugs, ritonavir Ritonavir An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits cytochrome p-450 cyp3a. Anti-HIV Drugs, saquinavir Saquinavir An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits cytochrome p-450 cyp3a. Anti-HIV Drugs utilizados en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el tratamiento de la infección por VIH
    • No todos los LOS Neisseria medicamentos de una clase de medicamentos inhiben el CYP3A4 CYP3A4 Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Drugs (Potassium Channel Blockers).
• Interacciones medicamentosas de la vortioxetina: el uso con otros inhibidores del CYP2D6 puede ↑ los LOS Neisseria niveles de vortioxetina

Contraindicaciones

• Todos los LOS Neisseria ISRS están contraindicados en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum personas que actualmente toman IMAO para tratar la depresión.
  • La combinación puede aumentar el riesgo de síndrome serotoninérgico.
  • Riesgos adicionales de depresión del SNC y deterioro psicomotor
• Los LOS Neisseria ISRS/inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina/antagonistas e inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina/modulador y estimulador de serotonina no se recomiendan para personas con depresión bipolar Bipolar Nervous System: Histology, ya que estos medicamentos pueden inducir manía (excepto la fluoxetina).
• Inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina:
  • Contraindicado con los LOS Neisseria IMAO
  • La duloxetina está contraindicada en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum personas con glaucoma Glaucoma Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy characterized by typical visual field defects and optic nerve atrophy seen as optic disc cupping on examination. The acute form of glaucoma is a medical emergency. Glaucoma is often, but not always, caused by increased intraocular pressure (IOP). Glaucoma de ángulo estrecho.

Sobredosis

Generalmente, una sobredosis por ISRS/inhibidores de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina/medicamentos similares pueden provocar signos y síntomas de excitación neuromuscular y estimulación autonómica.

• Signos:
  • Clonus Clonus Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis
  • Agitación
  • Diaforesis
  • Temblores
  • Hiperreflexia
  • Hipertermia
• Tratamiento:
  • Terapia de soporte:
    • Suspender las terapias serotoninérgicas.
    • Es posible que se necesiten benzodiacepinas para tratar la agitación severa.
    • Es posible que se requiera intubación si existe preocupación por proteger la vía aérea.
  • Medidas de enfriamiento para personas con hipertermia
  • Las personas que presentan síntomas refractarios pueden tratarse con ciproheptadina.