Malabsorción y Maldigestión

Descripción General

Definición

Maldigestión se refiere a la incapacidad de descomponer las grandes moléculas de los LOS Neisseria alimentos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el lumen intestinal en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum sus componentes más pequeños.
Malabsorción se refiere a la incapacidad de transportar nutrientes a través de la mucosa intestinal hacia la circulación sanguínea. Sin embargo, el término “malabsorción” se utiliza a menudo para referirse a ambos procesos, ya que los LOS Neisseria alimentos que no se digieren correctamente tampoco se absorben adecuadamente.

Clasificación

Malabsorción global:

• Resultado de enfermedades asociadas a la afectación generalizada de la mucosa o a la reducción de la superficie de absorción
• La absorción de múltiples nutrientes es inadecuada.
• Ejemplo: en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la enfermedad celíaca

Malabsorción selectiva:

• Resultado de enfermedades que interfieren con la absorción de un solo nutriente o de un conjunto limitado de nutrientes
• Ejemplo: en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types perniciosa, la absorción de la vitamina B₁₂ está alterada.

Epidemiología

• Se desconoce la prevalencia exacta debido a las múltiples etiologías.
• Prevalencia en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum subgrupos específicos:
  • Pacientes con pancreatitis Pancreatitis Inflammation of the pancreas. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of chronic pancreatitis. The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are alcoholic pancreatitis and gallstone pancreatitis. Acute Pancreatitis crónica grave: hasta el 85%
  • Niños con fibrosis Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. Bronchiolitis Obliterans quística: 85%.
  • VIH/SIDA: 26%–45%
  • Cáncer de páncreas: 50%–100%.

Etiología

La malabsorción tiene muchas causas de diversos mecanismos.

• Motilidad anormal debido a:
  • Gastroparesia diabética
  • Esclerosis sistémica
  • Disfunción tiroidea
• Medio anormal debido a:
  • Sobrecrecimiento bacteriano del intestino delgado
  • Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison (hipersecreción de ácido gástrico que provoca un pH pH The quantitative measurement of the acidity or basicity of a solution. Acid-Base Balance bajo)
• Maldigestión debida a:
  • Obstrucción biliar y/o colestasis
  • Deficiencia de sales biliares
    • Cirrosis hepática
    • Colangitis biliar primaria
    • Sobrecrecimiento bacteriano (ciertas bacterias pueden desconjugar las sales biliares, haciéndolas inefectivas)
  • Enfermedades del páncreas:
    • Insuficiencia pancreática exocrina
    • Fibrosis Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. Bronchiolitis Obliterans quística
    • Pancreatitis Pancreatitis Inflammation of the pancreas. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of chronic pancreatitis. The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are alcoholic pancreatitis and gallstone pancreatitis. Acute Pancreatitis crónica
    • Cáncer de páncreas
  • Deficiencias de disacaridasas:
    • Deficiencia de lactasa (que provoca intolerancia a la lactosa)
    • Deficiencia de sucreasa
• Epitelio gastrointestinal anormal:
  • Epitelio agudamente anormal
    • Infecciones intestinales agudas como la Giardia Giardia A genus of flagellate intestinal eukaryotes parasitic in various vertebrates, including humans. Characteristics include the presence of four pairs of flagella arising from a complicated system of axonemes and cysts that are ellipsoidal to ovoidal in shape. Nitroimidazoles
    • Ingesta de alcohol
  • Epitelio crónicamente anormal
    • Enfermedad celíaca
    • Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: enfermedad de Crohn y colitis Colitis Inflammation of the colon section of the large intestine, usually with symptoms such as diarrhea (often with blood and mucus), abdominal pain, and fever. Pseudomembranous Colitis ulcerosa
    • Isquemia intestinal
    • Enteritis Enteritis Inflammation of any segment of the small intestine. Lactose Intolerance por radiación
    • Enfermedad de Whipple
• Enfermedad infiltrativa: puede afectar tanto a la motilidad como a la capacidad de absorción
  • Linfoma
  • Sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease that causes noncaseating granulomas. The exact etiology is unknown. Sarcoidosis usually affects the lungs and thoracic lymph nodes, but it can also affect almost every system in the body, including the skin, heart, and eyes, most commonly. Sarcoidosis
  • Amiloidosis
  • Esclerosis sistémica
• Alteraciones postoperatorias del tracto gastrointestinal:
  • Malabsorción de vitaminas tras la cirugía bariátrica/resección gástrica
  • Malabsorción de ácidos biliares después de la resección intestinal, incluyendo las cirugías realizadas para:
    • Malignidad
    • Vólvulo
    • Intestino isquémico
    • Enteritis Enteritis Inflammation of any segment of the small intestine. Lactose Intolerance de Crohn

Fisiopatología

Factores necesarios para una absorción eficaz

• Mezcla mecánica adecuada
• Síntesis, secreción y actividad normal de las enzimas
• Integridad de la mucosa
• Irrigación normal
• Motilidad intestinal
• Microbiota equilibrada

Presentación Clínica

La malabsorción debe sospecharse en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum un paciente con diarrea crónica, pérdida de peso inexplicable y/o deficiencias nutricionales inexplicables.

Manifestaciones clásicas de malabsorción de micronutrientes

• Diarrea
• Esteatorrea (heces pálidas, malolientes y voluminosas con gotas de aceite en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el inodoro)
• Flatulencia (a menudo se produce en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria 90 minutos siguientes a la ingestión de carbohidratos)
• Pérdida de peso involuntaria
• Fatiga y debilidad debido a la anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types
• Distensión abdominal
• Retraso en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el desarrollo o deformidades esqueléticas en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria niños
• En EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la desnutrición proteico-calórica grave pueden observarse edemas, ascitis y/o derrames pleurales.

Presentaciones relacionadas con carencias específicas de micronutrientes

• Anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types: deficiencia de B₁₂, folato o hierro
• Hemorragia: deficiencia de vitamina K
• Dermatitis Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema): deficiencia de vitamina B, C o zinc Zinc A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65. 38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol zn. Trace Elements
• Neuropatías periféricas: deficiencia de B₁ o de vitamina B₁₂, o, más raramente, deficiencia de vitamina E
• Osteoporosis Osteoporosis Osteoporosis refers to a decrease in bone mass and density leading to an increased number of fractures. There are 2 forms of osteoporosis: primary, which is commonly postmenopausal or senile; and secondary, which is a manifestation of immobilization, underlying medical disorders, or long-term use of certain medications. Osteoporosis: deficiencia de calcio y/o vitamina D
• Escorbuto: deficiencia de vitamina C
• Beriberi Beriberi A disease caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1) and characterized by polyneuritis, cardiac pathology, and edema. The epidemic form is found primarily in areas in which white (polished) rice is the staple food, as in japan, china, the philippines, india, and other countries of southeast Asia. Water-soluble Vitamins and their Deficiencies: deficiencia de B₁
• Síndrome de Wernicke-Korsakoff: deficiencia de B₁
• Pelagra ( dermatitis Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) pigmentada fotosensible, diarrea y demencia): deficiencia de niacina (vitamina B₃)
• Ceguera nocturna, xeroftalmia e hiperqueratosis folicular: deficiencia de vitamina A
• Retinopatía y problemas neurológicos: carencia de vitamina E

Diagnóstico

El examen debe determinar primero si la malabsorción es global o selectiva, y luego intentar determinar la etiología subyacente. Esto se consigue mediante antecedentes clínicos y un examen físico, pruebas de laboratorio y, en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum algunos casos, imagenología y endoscopia.

Antecedentes clínicos y examen físico

A menudo, la etiología puede determinarse a partir de los LOS Neisseria antecedentes.

Antecedente detallado de los LOS Neisseria síntomas anteriores, así como:

• Pérdida de peso
• Enfermedad intestinal crónica
• Resección intestinal
• Cirugía bariátrica
• Cirugía de páncreas
• Factores de riesgo de la enfermedad celíaca
  • Diabetes Diabetes Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and dysfunction of the regulation of glucose metabolism by insulin. Type 1 DM is diagnosed mostly in children and young adults as the result of autoimmune destruction of β cells in the pancreas and the resulting lack of insulin. Type 2 DM has a significant association with obesity and is characterized by insulin resistance. Diabetes Mellitus mellitus de tipo 1
  • Antecedentes familiares de enfermedad celíaca
• Consumo excesivo de alcohol
• Enfermedad de úlcera péptica recurrente

Examen físico para:

• Dermatitis Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)
• Palidez
• Caquexia
• Ictericia
• Neuropatía periférica
• Desgaste muscular
• Sensibilidad o hinchazón abdominal
• Equimosis

Laboratorio, imagenología y endoscopia

Las pruebas de laboratorio y de imagenología deben pedirse en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum función del diagnóstico sospechado, y pueden incluir:

• Análisis de heces para:
  • Grasa fecal
  • Elastasa fecal (útil para identificar la insuficiencia pancreática)
• Hemograma para la anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types, que puede mostrar microcitosis o macrocitosis
• Hierro sérico y capacidad total de fijación del hierro
• Nivel de folato y vitamina B₁₂
• Nivel de vitamina B₁, si hay antecedentes de cirugía de bypass gástrico
• Nivel de 25-hidroxivitamina D
• Niveles de enzimas hepáticas, calcio y albúmina
• Tiempo de protrombina, que puede aumentar en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la malabsorción de vitamina K (liposoluble)
• Evaluación de anticuerpos serológicos para la enfermedad celíaca:
  • Anticuerpos antitransglutaminasa tisular
  • Anticuerpos antiendomisio
• Prueba de aliento con carbohidratos, si se sospecha de un sobrecrecimiento bacteriano en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el intestino delgado
• Imagenología:
  • Útil si se sospecha de una pancreatitis Pancreatitis Inflammation of the pancreas. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of chronic pancreatitis. The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are alcoholic pancreatitis and gallstone pancreatitis. Acute Pancreatitis crónica, una enfermedad de la vesícula biliar o del hígado
  • Los LOS Neisseria hallazgos son generalmente inespecíficos e insensibles.
  • Considera:
    • Colangiopancreatografía por RM
    • Ultrasonido
    • TC abdominal
• Endoscopia y/o colonoscopia
  • Si se sospecha de enfermedad celíaca o de enfermedad de Crohn después de las pruebas de laboratorio
  • Las biopsias pueden ayudar a confirmar el diagnóstico.

Tratamiento

• Abordar y tratar la enfermedad subyacente.
• Administrar suplementos de:
  • Líquidos y electrolitos
    • En EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria casos graves puede ser necesaria la administración de suplementos por vía intravenosa.
    • Los LOS Neisseria pacientes con diarrea grave pueden requerir soluciones de rehidratación oral continuas.
  • Nutrientes: La reposición de calorías y proteínas está indicada para los LOS Neisseria pacientes desnutridos.
  • Vitaminas y minerales esenciales
    • Las vitaminas liposolubles pueden ser especialmente difíciles y deben ser vigiladas de cerca.
    • El calcio y el magnesio suelen ser necesarios en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria pacientes con malabsorción de grasas.
• Mejorar la calidad de vida optimizando el control de la diarrea; los LOS Neisseria agentes antidiarreicos incluyen:
  • Loperamida (Imodium)
  • Difenoxilato con atropina (Lomotil)
• Intervenciones dietéticas:
  • Evite más de una ración al AL Amyloidosis día de bebidas con cafeína.
  • Evite las bebidas azucaradas y los LOS Neisseria zumos de frutas.
  • Evite los LOS Neisseria edulcorantes artificiales sorbitol Sorbitol A polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. Sorbitol occurs naturally and is also produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures. It is also used in many manufacturing processes, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in several research applications. Laxatives y xilitol.
• Vigilar la recurrencia.

Diagnóstico Diferencial

• Enfermedad celíaca: también conocida como esprúe celíaco o enteropatía por gluten Gluten Prolamins in the endosperm of seeds from the triticeae tribe which includes species of wheat; barley; and rye. Celiac Disease, la enfermedad celíaca es una reacción autoinmune a la gliadina, que es un componente del gluten Gluten Prolamins in the endosperm of seeds from the triticeae tribe which includes species of wheat; barley; and rye. Celiac Disease. Los LOS Neisseria pacientes suelen presentar diarrea y síntomas relacionados con la malabsorción (esteatorrea, pérdida de peso y deficiencias nutricionales). Los LOS Neisseria pacientes se someten a pruebas serológicas de anticuerpos y el diagnóstico se confirma mediante una biopsia del intestino delgado. El tratamiento requiere una dieta sin gluten Gluten Prolamins in the endosperm of seeds from the triticeae tribe which includes species of wheat; barley; and rye. Celiac Disease de por vida.
• Enfermedad de Whipple: un raro síndrome de malabsorción de grasas causado por la bacteria Bacteria Bacteria are prokaryotic single-celled microorganisms that are metabolically active and divide by binary fission. Some of these organisms play a significant role in the pathogenesis of diseases. Bacteriology Tropheryma Tropheryma A genus of gram-positive bacteria in the family cellulomonadaceae. Whipple’s Disease whipplei. Los LOS Neisseria pacientes suelen presentar 4 síntomas característicos, que incluyen pérdida de peso, diarrea/esteatorrea, artralgias y dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal; también son posibles otras manifestaciones sistémicas. La enfermedad de Whipple se diagnostica con una biopsia y se trata con antibióticos.
• Esprúe tropical: enfermedad diarreica crónica que afecta al AL Amyloidosis intestino delgado y se caracteriza por la mala absorción de nutrientes, especialmente de ácido fólico, vitamina B₁₂, hidratos de carbono y grasas. Aunque no se ha HA Hemolytic anemia (HA) is the term given to a large group of anemias that are caused by the premature destruction/hemolysis of circulating red blood cells (RBCs). Hemolysis can occur within (intravascular hemolysis) or outside the blood vessels (extravascular hemolysis). Hemolytic Anemia identificado un único patógeno como causa del esprúe tropical, es probable que el sobrecrecimiento persistente de bacterias coliformes (e.g., Klebsiella Klebsiella Klebsiella are encapsulated gram-negative, lactose-fermenting bacilli. They form pink colonies on MacConkey agar due to lactose fermentation. The main virulence factor is a polysaccharide capsule. Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most important pathogenic species. Klebsiella, Escherichia coli Escherichia coli The gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli is a key component of the human gut microbiota. Most strains of E. coli are avirulent, but occasionally they escape the GI tract, infecting the urinary tract and other sites. Less common strains of E. coli are able to cause disease within the GI tract, most commonly presenting as abdominal pain and diarrhea. Escherichia coli y Enterobacter Enterobacter Multidrug-resistant Organisms and Nosocomial Infections) en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el intestino delgado acabe provocando un daño estructural importante en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el intestino delgado y una diarrea crónica.
• Malabsorción de ácidos biliares: la diarrea relacionada con la entrada excesiva de ácidos biliares en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum algunos pacientes tras una colecistectomía puede superar la capacidad de reabsorción del íleon terminal. El aumento de ácidos biliares en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy que provoca diarrea se trata de forma muy diferente (con resinas fijadoras de ácidos biliares como la colestiramina o el colestipol Colestipol Highly crosslinked and insoluble basic anion exchange resin used as anticholesteremic. It may also may reduce triglyceride levels. Lipid Control Drugs) que aquellos con grados marcados de malabsorción de ácidos biliares que provocan esteatorrea. En EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum pacientes con malabsorción de grasas y esteatorrea, el tratamiento está indicado con ácidos biliares conjugados exógenos.
• Enfermedad de Crohn: enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal crónica y recurrente que provoca una inflamación transmural irregular que puede afectar a cualquier parte del tracto gastrointestinal. Suelen estar afectados el íleon terminal y el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy proximal. La enfermedad de Crohn se presenta típicamente con diarrea intermitente, no sanguinolenta, y dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal tipo cólico. El diagnóstico se establece mediante endoscopia con biopsia. Las complicaciones son la malabsorción, la desnutrición, la obstrucción intestinal o la fístula, y un mayor riesgo de cáncer de colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy.
• Sobrecrecimiento bacteriano del intestino delgado: los LOS Neisseria pacientes con sobrecrecimiento bacteriano del intestino delgado presentan síntomas inespecíficos de hinchazón, flatulencia, malestar abdominal o esteatorrea. El diagnóstico de sobrecrecimiento bacteriano del intestino delgado se establece mediante una prueba de aliento con carbohidratos y el tratamiento es con los LOS Neisseria antibióticos adecuados.
• Insuficiencia pancreática exocrina: en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum esta afección, hay una severa disminución de la producción de enzimas pancreáticas como resultado de una pancreatitis Pancreatitis Inflammation of the pancreas. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of chronic pancreatitis. The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are alcoholic pancreatitis and gallstone pancreatitis. Acute Pancreatitis crónica, resección quirúrgica, obstrucción del conducto pancreático o fibrosis Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. Bronchiolitis Obliterans quística. El diagnóstico de insuficiencia pancreática exocrina debe sospecharse en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum pacientes con un antecedente significativo de cirugía y síntomas de malabsorción.
• Síndrome del intestino corto: condición de malabsorción más comúnmente asociada a la resección intestinal extensa por etiologías como la enfermedad de Crohn, la obstrucción intestinal, el trauma, la radioterapia o la insuficiencia vascular. La corta longitud del intestino da lugar a una superficie insuficiente para la absorción de líquidos y electrolitos. El paciente suele presentar diarrea, anomalías electrolíticas y deshidratación. Las opciones de tratamiento incluyen agentes antimotilidad, agentes antisecretores y nutrición parenteral total para los LOS Neisseria pacientes que no pueden mantenerse con la ingesta oral.
• Enteropatía perdedora de proteínas: también se presenta con edema Edema Edema is a condition in which excess serous fluid accumulates in the body cavity or interstitial space of connective tissues. Edema is a symptom observed in several medical conditions. It can be categorized into 2 types, namely, peripheral (in the extremities) and internal (in an organ or body cavity). Edema e hipoalbuminemia, con o sin diarrea. Sin embargo, estas manifestaciones se deben a la pérdida de proteínas del canal alimentario y no a la malabsorción.