Diseases of the Uvea
Overview Definition Uveitis is an inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, which comprises the iris, ciliary body, and the choroid. Anatomy Types Epidemiology and Etiology Epidemiology Etiology Pathophysiology Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis Clinical presentation Diagnosis Diagnosis is made by dilated fundus examination and slit-lamp examination. Scleral depression is an additional maneuver […]
Blepharitis
Overview Definition Anatomy Types Pathophysiology and Etiology Pathophysiology Etiology Clinical Presentation Symptoms Signs Diagnosis and Management Diagnosis Management Differential Diagnosis References
Refractive Errors
Definitions and Epidemiology Refraction Ametropia or refractive error Epidemiology Further definitions Clinical Presentation Myopia Hyperopia Astigmatism Focal point In front of retina Behind retina Multiple sites Causes Eye too long, cornea with too much curvature Eye too short, cornea with too little curvature Uneven curvature of the cornea Result Cannot focus distant objects Cannot focus […]
Orbit and Extraocular Muscles: Anatomy
Bones and Structure of the Orbit Location Contents Optic foramen or canal Apex, bordered by the body and lesser wing of the sphenoid Optic nerve (CN II) Ophthalmic artery Ethmoidal foramina Junction between the superior and medial orbital walls In the ethmoid bone, lateral to olfactory groove Anterior and posterior ethmoidal veins, arteries, and nerves […]
Conjunctivitis
Epidemiology and Etiology Epidemiology Etiology Infectious conjunctivitis Noninfectious conjunctivitis Clinical Presentation Patients can present with some or all of the following symptoms: Viral conjunctivitis Bacterial conjunctivitis Allergic conjunctivitis Discharge Clear, watery discharge Thick, purulent yellow, white, or green discharge with severe crusting Clear, watery discharge Eye involvement Begins unilateral, but usually progresses to bilateral (highly […]