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Nursing Knowledge
Diabetes complications are medical problems that arise as a result of prolonged high blood sugar levels associated with poorly controlled diabetes.
The endothelial lining of the vasculature is particularly sensitive to the toxic effects of hyperglycemia. When blood sugar remains chronically elevated, a cascade of inflammatory factors leads to endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Combined with the high cholesterol and hypertension often associated with chronic hyperglycemia, these vascular changes lead to microvascular and macrovascular complications throughout the body.
Educating clients on how to manage their condition can help prevent complications:
The complications of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are largely the same, since they both involve chronic high blood glucose levels which can damage various organs and tissues over time. There can be differences in the timing and prevalence of these complications. For example, individuals with Type 1 diabetes may be more prone to certain conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis, while those with Type 2 are often more susceptible to cardiovascular disease due to frequently associated factors like obesity and hypertension.
The key to preventing complications of diabetes is good glycemic control and management of other risk factors.
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