Antídotos de Intoxicaciones Comunes

Intoxicación por metales pesados

Cobre

• Esta acumulación se observa en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la enfermedad de Wilson; es producto de una ingesta elevada (ya sea aumento de la absorción o reducción de la excreción)
• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal, vómitos, hemorragia digestiva ( hematemesis Hematemesis Vomiting of blood that is either fresh bright red, or older ‘coffee-ground’ in character. It generally indicates bleeding of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Mallory-Weiss Syndrome (Mallory-Weiss Tear)), diarrea
  • Hipotensión
  • Ictericia
  • Toxicidad hepática
  • Síntomas psiquiátricos (cambios de comportamiento)
  • Alteraciones mentales
• Antídotos:
  • D-penicilamina (quelante primario)
  • Trientina (2da línea)
• Otro tratamiento: zinc Zinc A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65. 38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol zn. Trace Elements (reduce la absorción del cobre)

Hierro

• Acumulación por ingestión accidental o por transfusiones múltiples crónicas
• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Letargo/ coma Coma Coma is defined as a deep state of unarousable unresponsiveness, characterized by a score of 3 points on the GCS. A comatose state can be caused by a multitude of conditions, making the precise epidemiology and prognosis of coma difficult to determine. Coma
  • Hipotensión
  • Síntomas gastrointestinales (náuseas, vómitos, dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal)
  • Hematemesis Hematemesis Vomiting of blood that is either fresh bright red, or older ‘coffee-ground’ in character. It generally indicates bleeding of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Mallory-Weiss Syndrome (Mallory-Weiss Tear)
  • Obstrucción intestinal
  • Disfunción hepática
  • Disfunción renal
  • Acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis metabólica por brecha aniónica
  • ↓ Niveles de HCO₃^–
• Antídotos:
  • Deferoxamina
  • Deferasirox Deferasirox A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic iron overload due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent thalassemia. Hereditary Hemochromatosis
  • Deferiprone Deferiprone A pyridone derivative and iron chelator that is used in the treatment of iron overload in patients with thalassemia. Hereditary Hemochromatosis

Plomo

• Intoxicación observada debido a la ingestión o inhalación de plomo (de la pintura de plomo, balas de plomo, agua contaminada)
• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Líneas de plomo en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la encía (líneas Burton)
  • Síntomas sistémicos (fatiga, irritabilidad, insomnio, dolores articulares/musculares)
  • Síntomas gastrointestinales ( dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal, estreñimiento, anorexia Anorexia The lack or loss of appetite accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder anorexia nervosa. Anorexia Nervosa)
  • Síntomas del SNC (cefalea, pérdida de memoria a corto plazo, neuropatía periférica, caída de la muñeca, caída del pie)
  • Encefalopatía y deterioro mental en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum niños
  • Líneas metafisarias densas de los LOS Neisseria huesos largos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la radiografía
• Antídotos:
  • Succimer Succimer A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them. Metal Poisoning (Lead, Arsenic, Iron) (ácido 2,3-dimercaptosuccínico ( DMSA DMSA A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them. Metal Poisoning (Lead, Arsenic, Iron)))
  • Ácido etilendiaminotetraacético disódico de calcio (EDTA)
  • Dimercaprol Dimercaprol An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as british anti-lewisite or bal. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning. Metal Poisoning (Lead, Arsenic, Iron)

Mercurio

• Intoxicación derivada de la exposición laboral (minería, fabricación de termómetros), odontología (empastes dentales), ingestión de pescado contaminado
• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Conjuntivitis
  • Estomatitis, aumento de la salivación
  • Tos TOS Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a broad term used for a spectrum of syndromes related to the general region of the thoracic outlet, which involves the compression or irritation of elements of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, disnea
  • Náuseas, vómitos
  • Dermatitis Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)
  • Neuropatía periférica, parestesia
  • Alteraciones crónicas: neuropsiquiátricas (depresión o cambios de humor Humor Defense Mechanisms o pérdida de memoria, neuropatía, parestesia), erupción, pérdida de cabello
• Antídotos:
  • DMSA DMSA A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them. Metal Poisoning (Lead, Arsenic, Iron)
  • Unithiol Unithiol A chelating agent used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning. Antidotes of Common Poisonings (2,3-dimercaptopropano-1-sulfonato (DMPS))
  • Dimercaprol Dimercaprol An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as british anti-lewisite or bal. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning. Metal Poisoning (Lead, Arsenic, Iron)

Sobredosis de Medicamentos

Acetaminofén

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Inicialmente asintomático (primeras 24 horas)
  • Náuseas, vómitos, anorexia Anorexia The lack or loss of appetite accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder anorexia nervosa. Anorexia Nervosa
  • ↑ Enzimas hepáticas
  • Hepatotoxicidad
• Antídotos:
  • N-acetilcisteína
  • Carbón activado si se administra entre 1 y 2 horas después de la ingestión

Intoxicación anticolinérgica (e.g., atropina, difenhidramina)

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Boca seca, piel seca
  • Visión borrosa, midriasis Midriasis Pupil: Physiology and Abnormalities
  • Hipertermia
  • Retención urinaria
  • ↓ Ruidos intestinales
• Antídotos:
  • Fisostigmina
  • Controlar la hipertermia, fluidos intravenosos

Benzodiacepinas

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Disartria
  • Marcha inestable
  • Somnolencia
  • Depresión respiratoria
• Antídoto: Flumazenil Flumazenil A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses. Benzodiazepines (antagonista competitivo de la benzodiazepina)

Betabloqueadores

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Bradicardia
  • Hipotensión
  • ↓ Conciencia o delirio
  • Convulsiones
  • Broncoespasmo
  • Hipoglicemia
• Antídotos:
  • Atropina
  • Glucagón

Digitálicos (digoxina)

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Síntomas gastrointestinales ( dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal, náuseas, vómitos, diarrea)
  • Anorexia Anorexia The lack or loss of appetite accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder anorexia nervosa. Anorexia Nervosa, fatiga
  • Alteraciones visuales (diplopía, ceguera, fotofobia)
  • Síntomas del SNC (confusión, debilidad)
  • Bradicardia, arritmias cardíacas
  • Hiperpotasemia (debido a la inhibición de la Na⁺-K⁺-ATPasa)
• Antídoto: Fragmentos Fab Fab Univalent antigen-binding fragments composed of one entire immunoglobulin light chain and the amino terminal end of one of the immunoglobulin heavy chains from the hinge region, linked to each other by disulfide bonds. Fab contains the immunoglobulin variable regions, which are part of the antigen-binding site, and the first immunoglobulin constant regions. This fragment can be obtained by digestion of immunoglobulins with the proteolytic enzyme papain. Immunoglobulins: Types and Functions de antidigoxina

Heparina

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Equimosis
  • Hemorragia excesiva
• Antídoto: Sulfato de protamina

Opioides

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Síntomas del SNC (euforia, somnolencia, disartria, convulsiones, pupilas puntiformes)
  • Síntomas gastrointestinales (náuseas, vómitos, estreñimiento)
  • Depresión respiratoria
• Antídoto: Naloxona

Salicilatos

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Tinnitus Tinnitus A nonspecific symptom of hearing disorder characterized by the sensation of buzzing, ringing, clicking, pulsations, and other noises in the ear. Objective tinnitus refers to noises generated from within the ear or adjacent structures that can be heard by other individuals. The term subjective tinnitus is used when the sound is audible only to the affected individual. Tinnitus may occur as a manifestation of cochlear diseases; vestibulocochlear nerve diseases; intracranial hypertension; craniocerebral trauma; and other conditions. Cranial Nerve Palsies
  • Fiebre
  • Náuseas y vómitos
  • Hiperpnea precoz (alcalosis respiratoria)
  • Más adelante se convierte en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum una acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis metabólica por brecha aniónica
• Antídotos:
  • NaHCO₃ (alcalinización de la orina)
  • Descontaminación con carbón activado si la ingestión se produce en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum un plazo de 2 horas
  • Suplemento de glucosa aunque la glucosa sérica sea normal (ya que los LOS Neisseria salicilatos disminuyen los LOS Neisseria niveles de glucosa cerebral)
  • Hemodiálisis

Antidepresivos tricíclicos

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Síntomas del SNC (cambios en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el estado mental, convulsiones)
  • Depresión respiratoria
  • Síntomas cardiovasculares (taquicardia, hipotensión, QT prolongado, arritmias)
  • Síntomas anticolinérgicos (sequedad de boca, visión borrosa, pupilas dilatadas, retención urinaria, rubor Rubor Inflammation, hipertermia)
• Antídotos:
  • O₂
  • Líquidos intravenosos
  • NaHCO₃ intravenoso para las arritmias
  • Benzodiacepinas para las convulsiones
  • Descontaminación con carbón activado si la ingestión se produjo en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum un plazo de dos horas

Warfarina

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Equimosis
  • Hemorragia excesiva
  • Necrosis Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply. Ischemic Cell Damage cutánea
• Antídotos:
  • Vitamina K (reversión retardada)
  • Plasma Plasma The residual portion of blood that is left after removal of blood cells by centrifugation without prior blood coagulation. Transfusion Products fresco congelado (reversión inmediata)
  • Concentrado de complejo de protrombina

Intoxicación por Alcohol Tóxico

El metanol y el etilenglicol se encuentran en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria refrigerantes de los LOS Neisseria automóviles (anticongelantes) y en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las soluciones de empleadas para deshielar, en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el combustible, en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria limpiadores, en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria líquidos de los LOS Neisseria limpiaparabrisas, en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria disolventes y en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum otros productos industriales.

Metanol

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Visión borrosa con escotoma central
  • Defecto pupilar aferente (signo evidente)
  • Cefaleas
  • Cambios en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el estado mental
  • Náuseas y vómitos
  • Hipotensión
  • ↑ Acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis metabólica por brecha aniónica
  • Coma Coma Coma is defined as a deep state of unarousable unresponsiveness, characterized by a score of 3 points on the GCS. A comatose state can be caused by a multitude of conditions, making the precise epidemiology and prognosis of coma difficult to determine. Coma
• Antídotos:
  • Fomepizole Fomepizole A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ethylene glycol or methanol. Antidotes of Common Poisonings (preferido)
  • Etanol
  • Hemodiálisis en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum casos graves ( acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis, daño de órgano blanco)

Glicol de etileno

• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Tetania
  • Dolor Dolor Inflammation de costado
  • Hematuria Hematuria Presence of blood in the urine. Renal Cell Carcinoma
  • Oliguria Oliguria Decreased urine output that is below the normal range. Oliguria can be defined as urine output of less than or equal to 0. 5 or 1 ml/kg/hr depending on the age. Renal Potassium Regulation
  • ↑ Acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis metabólica por brecha aniónica
  • Cristales de oxalato de calcio en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la orina
  • Insuficiencia renal
  • Parálisis del nervio craneal
• Antídotos:
  • Fomepizole Fomepizole A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ethylene glycol or methanol. Antidotes of Common Poisonings (preferido)
  • Etanol
  • Hemodiálisis en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum casos graves ( acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis, daño de órgano blanco)

Intoxicación por Arsénico y Cianuro

Arsénico

• La exposición puede provenir de fuentes naturales (erupción volcánica), de fuentes laborales (fundición) o de medicamentos, agua o alimentos para animales contaminados.
• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Aliento a ajo
  • Deshidratación
  • Síntomas gastrointestinales (vómitos, diarrea acuosa)
  • Síntomas cardiovasculares (hipotensión, prolongación del QT, arritmias cardíacas)
  • Manifestaciones cutáneas: pigmentación (↓ o ↑), hiperqueratosis
  • Neuropatía en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum guante y en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum calcetín (ardor, hipersensibilidad dolorosa, debilidad distal e hiporreflexia)
  • Cáncer de hígado (angiosarcoma)
  • Cáncer de pulmón
• Antídotos:
  • Dimercaprol Dimercaprol An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as british anti-lewisite or bal. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning. Metal Poisoning (Lead, Arsenic, Iron)
  • DMSA DMSA A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them. Metal Poisoning (Lead, Arsenic, Iron)

Cianuro

• La exposición puede ser por incendios domésticos (cianuro liberado por la combustión de productos), por la ocupación (minería, fabricación), por el nitroprusiato de sodio o por la dieta (huesos/semillas de algunas frutas).
• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Aliento a almendra amarga
  • Piel rosa o roja cereza
  • Náuseas y vómitos
  • Acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis metabólica
  • Inicialmente hipertensión, luego hipotensión
  • Hiperventilación
  • Cefalea, vértigo, convulsiones
  • Insuficiencia renal y hepática
• Antídotos:
  • Hidroxocobalamina
  • Tiosulfato de sodio
  • Inducir la metahemoglobinemia utilizando nitritos (e.g., nitrito de amilo, nitrito de sodio) si los LOS Neisseria medicamentos anteriores no están disponibles.

Miscelánea de Antídotos

Intoxicación por anticolinesterasa (organofosforados, insecticidas)

• Presentación de la toxicidad (colinérgica):
  • Pupilas puntiformes
  • Sudoración, salivación
  • Broncoconstricción
  • Vómitos y diarrea
  • Estimulación del SNC seguida de depresión del SNC
  • Fasciculaciones musculares, debilidad, parálisis
  • Muerte por insuficiencia respiratoria
• Antídotos:
  • Atropina
  • Pralidoxima

Monóxido de carbono

• Por inhalación de humo relacionado con el fuego; también es común en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria meses de invierno (por dispositivos que queman combustible, vehículos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum zonas mal ventiladas)
• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Confusión
  • Mejillas rosas y labios cereza brillantes
  • Dolor Dolor Inflammation de cabeza, mareos
  • Disminución de la agudeza visual
  • Náuseas
  • Malestar general
  • Taquicardia, isquemia miocárdica, arritmias
• Antídotos:
  • 100% O₂
  • O₂ hiperbárico

Metahemoglobina

• La metahemoglobinemia tiene causas genéticas y adquiridas (medicamentos como la dapsona, antimaláricos).
• Presentación de la toxicidad:
  • Cianosis
  • Sangre de color chocolate
  • Arritmias
  • Dolor Dolor Inflammation torácico, palpitaciones
  • Acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis
  • Confusión
  • Convulsiones, coma Coma Coma is defined as a deep state of unarousable unresponsiveness, characterized by a score of 3 points on the GCS. A comatose state can be caused by a multitude of conditions, making the precise epidemiology and prognosis of coma difficult to determine. Coma
• Antídotos:
  • Azul de metileno
  • Altas dosis de vitamina C

Relevancia Clínica

• Intoxicación por metanol: el metanol es un tipo de alcohol no consumible (alcohol de madera) que se utiliza sobre todo en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la fabricación de combustibles, disolventes y anticongelantes. La ingesta de metanol provoca síntomas como visión borrosa, escotoma central, defecto pupilar aferente, cefalea, cambios en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el estado mental, náuseas, vómitos y acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis metabólica por brecha aniónica. Las complicaciones más peligrosas de la intoxicación por metanol son la pérdida de visión y el coma Coma Coma is defined as a deep state of unarousable unresponsiveness, characterized by a score of 3 points on the GCS. A comatose state can be caused by a multitude of conditions, making the precise epidemiology and prognosis of coma difficult to determine. Coma. El tratamiento es con fomepizol (bloquea la alcohol deshidrogenasa) y etanol, y hemodiálisis.
• Intoxicación por etilenglicol: el etilenglicol es un alcohol que se usa como materia prima en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la fabricación de fibras de poliéster y formulaciones anticongelantes. La presentación de la toxicidad incluye dolor Dolor Inflammation en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el flanco, hematuria Hematuria Presence of blood in the urine. Renal Cell Carcinoma, oliguria Oliguria Decreased urine output that is below the normal range. Oliguria can be defined as urine output of less than or equal to 0. 5 or 1 ml/kg/hr depending on the age. Renal Potassium Regulation, acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis metabólica por brecha aniónica, cristales de oxalato de calcio en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la orina y daño renal. El manejo implica la administración de fomepizol (bloquea la alcohol deshidrogenasa) y etanol, y la diálisis.
• Intoxicación anticolinérgica: condición que se produce por la sobredosis de atropina o difenhidramina. La intoxicación anticolinérgica se caracteriza por sequedad de boca, piel seca, visión borrosa, midriasis Midriasis Pupil: Physiology and Abnormalities, hipertermia, retención urinaria y disminución de los LOS Neisseria ruidos intestinales. El tratamiento implica la administración de fisostigmina y el control de la hipertermia.
• Intoxicación por organofosforados: los LOS Neisseria organofosforados inhiben irreversiblemente la enzima acetilcolinesterasa. Los LOS Neisseria rasgos de toxicidad incluyen pupilas puntiformes, sudoración, salivación, broncoconstricción, vómitos, diarrea, estimulación del SNC seguida de depresión del SNC, fasciculaciones musculares, debilidad, parálisis y muerte por insuficiencia respiratoria. El tratamiento implica la administración de atropina y pralidoxima.
• Intoxicación por acetaminofén: se produce cuando se administran grandes dosis de acetaminofén (> 7,5 g en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum adultos, y > 150 mg/kg en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum pediatría). Muchos pacientes permanecen asintomáticos inicialmente (primeras 24 horas). Las características de la intoxicación por acetaminofén incluyen náuseas, vómitos, anorexia Anorexia The lack or loss of appetite accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder anorexia nervosa. Anorexia Nervosa, elevación de las enzimas hepáticas y hepatotoxicidad. El manejo implica la medición de los LOS Neisseria niveles de acetaminofén en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum sangre, la administración de carbón activado si el paciente se presenta dentro de las 4 horas siguientes a la intoxicación, y la administración de N-acetilcisteína (para restaurar los LOS Neisseria niveles de glutatión).
• Metahemoglobinemia: enfermedad caracterizada por niveles elevados de metahemoglobina en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la sangre. La metahemoglobina es la forma oxidada de la hemoglobina, en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la que el hierro hemo se ha HA Hemolytic anemia (HA) is the term given to a large group of anemias that are caused by the premature destruction/hemolysis of circulating red blood cells (RBCs). Hemolysis can occur within (intravascular hemolysis) or outside the blood vessels (extravascular hemolysis). Hemolytic Anemia convertido de la forma ferrosa habitual (Fe²⁺) a la férrica (Fe³⁺). La forma Fe³⁺ no puede unirse al AL Amyloidosis oxígeno, lo que provoca una hipoxia tisular. La afección es mortal en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum caso de elevación significativa de la metahemoglobina (> 70%). El diagnóstico se establece midiendo los LOS Neisseria niveles de metahemoglobina en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum sangre mediante cooximetría. El tratamiento es con azul de metileno o ácido ascórbico.
• Intoxicación por benzodiacepinas: producto de la sobredosis de benzodiacepinas (e.g., para la ansiedad, el sueño). Los LOS Neisseria síntomas de la toxicidad de las benzodiacepinas incluyen disartria, marcha inestable, somnolencia y depresión respiratoria, especialmente si se administran conjuntamente con alcohol u opioides. Los LOS Neisseria pacientes suelen tener unas funciones vitales y un tamaño pupilar normales. El flumazenil Flumazenil A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses. Benzodiazepines se utiliza como antídoto.
• Intoxicación por CO: el CO es un gas inodoro, insípido, incoloro y no irritante que se forma en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la combustión de hidrocarburos (incendios, gases de escape de automóviles, calentadores de gas). La intoxicación por monóxido de carbono provoca una alteración del transporte y la utilización del O₂. Las características de la intoxicación por CO incluyen confusión, cefalea, mareo, disminución de la agudeza visual, mejillas rosadas, coma Coma Coma is defined as a deep state of unarousable unresponsiveness, characterized by a score of 3 points on the GCS. A comatose state can be caused by a multitude of conditions, making the precise epidemiology and prognosis of coma difficult to determine. Coma y muerte. El manejo incluye el uso de O₂ al AL Amyloidosis 100%; el O₂ hiperbárico se emplea si la terapia de O₂ falla.