As perturbações do movimento podem ser caracterizadas como hipo ou hipercinéticas e necessitam, muitas vezes, de um tratamento farmacológico para melhorar o nível de função do indivíduo. As perturbações mais MAIS Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome comuns incluem o tremor Tremor Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of cerebellar diseases, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of parkinson disease. Myotonic Dystrophies essencial, tiques (síndrome de Tourette), doença de Parkinson, doença de Huntington e doença de Wilson. Dependendo da fisiopatologia e da gravidade dos sintomas, cada uma destas patologias requer uma intervenção farmacológica dirigida. Por exemplo, na doença de Parkinson é necessário restabelecer a atividade dopaminérgica, enquanto na doença de Huntington a melhoria dos sintomas é atingida através da redução das concentrações de dopamina. Apesar destes agentes poderem ser altamente benéficos, nenhum deles é inócuo e alguns apresentam efeitos adversos potencialmente graves.
Last updated: Dec 15, 2025
As perturbações do movimento são um grupo de patologias neurológicas que se manifestam por movimentos voluntários ou involuntários excessivos; estas perturbações podem também causar a redução ou lentificação dos movimentos.
O tremor Tremor Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of cerebellar diseases, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of parkinson disease. Myotonic Dystrophies essencial, também apelidado de tremor Tremor Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of cerebellar diseases, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of parkinson disease. Myotonic Dystrophies familiar, corresponde a um tremor Tremor Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of cerebellar diseases, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of parkinson disease. Myotonic Dystrophies postural benigno das mãos, que pode causar sofrimento significativo nos indivíduos afetados.
| Agente | Efeitos |
|---|---|
| Propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs |
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| Primidona |
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Os tiques são movimentos súbitos, coordenados, anormais e repetitivos (por exemplo, encolher os ombros ou fungar o nariz repetitivamente).
A síndrome de Tourette é uma perturbação do movimento com início na infância, caracterizada por tiques motores e fónicos.
Listadas por ordem alfabética, não por preferência:
| Agente | Administração | Semi-vida de eliminação | Início de ação | Excreção |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pimozida | Oral | 111 ± 57 horas nos adultos | Dentro de 1 semana | Renal (urina) |
| Haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics | Oral | 14-37 horas | 1–2 semanas | Renal |
| Aripiprazol | Oral | 75 horas | 1–2 semanas | Renal e fezes |
| Clonidina | Oral | 12-16 horas | 1–2 semanas | Renal |
| Toxina Botulínica A | Injeção local | Até 2 horas | Cerca de 2 semanas | Desconhecida |
A doença de Wilson é uma perturbação autossómica recessiva em que ocorre acumulação de cobre no fígado, cérebro e córnea. Esta doença tem manifestações neurológicas, incluindo distonia, coreoatetose, ataxia Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or peripheral nerve diseases. Motor ataxia may be associated with cerebellar diseases; cerebral cortex diseases; thalamic diseases; basal ganglia diseases; injury to the red nucleus; and other conditions. Ataxia-telangiectasia cerebelar e tremor Tremor Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of cerebellar diseases, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of parkinson disease. Myotonic Dystrophies.
| Fármaco | Perturbação do movimento para a qual há indicação | Mecanismo | Efeitos adversos |
|---|---|---|---|
| Propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs | Tremor Tremor Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of cerebellar diseases, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of parkinson disease. Myotonic Dystrophies essencial | Antagonista beta não seletivo |
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| Pimozida | Tiques (síndrome de Tourette) | Antagonista seletivo do recetor dopaminérgico (D2) |
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| Haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics | Tiques (síndrome de Tourette) | Antagonista não seletivo do recetor D2 |
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| Clonidina | Tiques (síndrome de Tourette) | Agonista do recetor alfa-adrenérgico |
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| Tetrabenazina | Doença de Huntington | Inibição pré-sináptica do transporte de dopamina para dentro das vesículas |
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| D-penicilamina | Doença de Wilson | Quelante |
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