Adenovirus

Clasificación

Características Generales y Epidemiología

Características básicas de los LOS Neisseria adenovirus Adenovirus Adenovirus (member of the family Adenoviridae) is a nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA virus. Adenovirus is transmitted in a variety of ways, and it can have various presentations based on the site of entry. Presentation can include febrile pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, acute respiratory disease, atypical pneumonia, and gastroenteritis. Adenovirus

• Taxonomía:
  • Familia: Adenoviridae Adenoviridae A family of non-enveloped viruses infecting mammals (mastadenovirus) and birds (aviadenovirus) or both (atadenovirus). Infections may be asymptomatic or result in a variety of diseases. Adenovirus
  • Género: Mastadenovirus Mastadenovirus A genus of adenoviridae that infects mammals including humans and causes a wide range of diseases. The type species is human adenovirus c. Adenovirus
• Virus Virus Viruses are infectious, obligate intracellular parasites composed of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein capsid. Viruses can be either naked (non-enveloped) or enveloped. The classification of viruses is complex and based on many factors, including type and structure of the nucleoid and capsid, the presence of an envelope, the replication cycle, and the host range. Virology de ADN:
  • Doble cadena
  • Lineal
• Estructura
  • Virus Virus Viruses are infectious, obligate intracellular parasites composed of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein capsid. Viruses can be either naked (non-enveloped) or enveloped. The classification of viruses is complex and based on many factors, including type and structure of the nucleoid and capsid, the presence of an envelope, the replication cycle, and the host range. Virology no envuelto
  • Cápside icosaédrica
  • Proyecciones en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum forma de fibra desde los LOS Neisseria vértices
• Resistente a:
  • Ácidos
  • Detergente
  • Ambiente seco
• Inactivado por:
  • Calor Calor Inflammation
  • Formaldehído
  • Lejía

Especies clínicamente relevantes

• 7 especies de adenovirus Adenovirus Adenovirus (member of the family Adenoviridae) is a nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA virus. Adenovirus is transmitted in a variety of ways, and it can have various presentations based on the site of entry. Presentation can include febrile pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, acute respiratory disease, atypical pneumonia, and gastroenteritis. Adenovirus humanos (grupos A–G)
• > 60 serotipos

Epidemiología

• Más común en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum lactantes y niños (causa hasta el 10% de las enfermedades febriles en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum este grupo)
• No hay predilección por raza
• Mayor incidencia en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum primavera e invierno

Patogénesis

Reservorio

• Humanos
• Mamíferos

Transmisión

• Contacto con secreciones de una persona infectada ( los LOS Neisseria neonatos pueden infectarse por las secreciones cervicales)
• Fómites
• Transmisión por el agua (piscinas cloradas inadecuadamente)
• Aerosoles
• Fecal–oral

Factores de riesgo del huésped

El virus Virus Viruses are infectious, obligate intracellular parasites composed of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein capsid. Viruses can be either naked (non-enveloped) or enveloped. The classification of viruses is complex and based on many factors, including type and structure of the nucleoid and capsid, the presence of an envelope, the replication cycle, and the host range. Virology tiene mayor prevalencia en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum:

• Niños pequeños
• Guarderías
• Reclutas militares

Ciclo de replicación viral

• Las fibras de la cápside viral se unen a los LOS Neisseria receptores celulares o a las células epiteliales → endocitosis
• Sale el endosoma → el ADN viral entra en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el núcleo celular → transcripción y replicación
• La traducción y la síntesis de proteínas estructurales virales ocurren en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el citoplasma
• Ensamblaje → nuevos viriones liberados de la célula huésped
• Durante el proceso de replicación, el virus Virus Viruses are infectious, obligate intracellular parasites composed of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein capsid. Viruses can be either naked (non-enveloped) or enveloped. The classification of viruses is complex and based on many factors, including type and structure of the nucleoid and capsid, the presence of an envelope, the replication cycle, and the host range. Virology inhibe la supresión del crecimiento celular.

Fisiopatología

El sitio de entrada generalmente dicta el tipo de infección; pueden ocurrir 2 procesos:

• Infección lítica:
  • El virus Virus Viruses are infectious, obligate intracellular parasites composed of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein capsid. Viruses can be either naked (non-enveloped) or enveloped. The classification of viruses is complex and based on many factors, including type and structure of the nucleoid and capsid, the presence of an envelope, the replication cycle, and the host range. Virology se replica en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las células epiteliales del huésped → lisis celular
  • Respuesta inflamatoria → manifestaciones clínicas
• Infección latente:
  • Mecanismo que no se comprende del todo
  • El virus Virus Viruses are infectious, obligate intracellular parasites composed of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein capsid. Viruses can be either naked (non-enveloped) or enveloped. The classification of viruses is complex and based on many factors, including type and structure of the nucleoid and capsid, the presence of an envelope, the replication cycle, and the host range. Virology infecta el tejido linfoide (e.g., amígdalas) → asintomático (la excreción del virus Virus Viruses are infectious, obligate intracellular parasites composed of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein capsid. Viruses can be either naked (non-enveloped) or enveloped. The classification of viruses is complex and based on many factors, including type and structure of the nucleoid and capsid, the presence of an envelope, the replication cycle, and the host range. Virology se produce hasta los LOS Neisseria 18 meses, pero sin enfermedad)
  • Puede reactivarse (e.g., estado de inmunocompromiso) → viremia Viremia The presence of viruses in the blood. Erythema Infectiosum → infección sistémica

Presentación Clínica

La mayoría de las infecciones por adenovirus Adenovirus Adenovirus (member of the family Adenoviridae) is a nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA virus. Adenovirus is transmitted in a variety of ways, and it can have various presentations based on the site of entry. Presentation can include febrile pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, acute respiratory disease, atypical pneumonia, and gastroenteritis. Adenovirus son asintomáticas. Las infecciones con enfermedad clínicamente aparente pueden presentarse con las siguientes afecciones:

Manifestaciones raras

• Hepatitis
• Cistitis hemorrágica aguda
• Meningitis Meningitis Meningitis is inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes of the brain, and spinal cord. The causes of meningitis are varied, with the most common being bacterial or viral infection. The classic presentation of meningitis is a triad of fever, altered mental status, and nuchal rigidity. Meningitis y encefalitis
• Miocarditis
• Enfermedad diseminada (asociada con ↑↑ mortalidad)

Diagnóstico y Tratamiento

Diagnóstico

Para confirmar el diagnóstico se puede utilizar lo siguiente:

• PCR PCR Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique that amplifies DNA fragments exponentially for analysis. The process is highly specific, allowing for the targeting of specific genomic sequences, even with minuscule sample amounts. The PCR cycles multiple times through 3 phases: denaturation of the template DNA, annealing of a specific primer to the individual DNA strands, and synthesis/elongation of new DNA molecules. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) para detectar el ADN del adenovirus Adenovirus Adenovirus (member of the family Adenoviridae) is a nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA virus. Adenovirus is transmitted in a variety of ways, and it can have various presentations based on the site of entry. Presentation can include febrile pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, acute respiratory disease, atypical pneumonia, and gastroenteritis. Adenovirus
  • Sensible y específica
  • Puede realizarse con una variedad de especímenes
• Pruebas de antígenos
  • Rápida
  • Menos sensible
  • Opciones:
    • Antígeno fluorescente directo
    • Inmunoensayo enzimático
• Cultivo viral
• Serología

Tratamiento

Las infecciones por adenovirus Adenovirus Adenovirus (member of the family Adenoviridae) is a nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA virus. Adenovirus is transmitted in a variety of ways, and it can have various presentations based on the site of entry. Presentation can include febrile pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, acute respiratory disease, atypical pneumonia, and gastroenteritis. Adenovirus suelen ser autolimitadas, por lo que en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la mayoría de los LOS Neisseria casos el tratamiento es de soporte.

• Hidratación
• Descanso
• Terapia antiviral Antiviral Antivirals for Hepatitis B (eficacia variable Variable Variables represent information about something that can change. The design of the measurement scales, or of the methods for obtaining information, will determine the data gathered and the characteristics of that data. As a result, a variable can be qualitative or quantitative, and may be further classified into subgroups. Types of Variables)
  • Indicado para:
    • Pacientes inmunocomprometidos
    • Infección severa
  • Opciones:
    • Cidofovir Cidofovir An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of retinitis caused by cytomegalovirus infections and may also be useful for treating herpesvirus infections. Antivirals for Herpes Virus
    • Ribavirin Ribavirin A nucleoside antimetabolite antiviral agent that blocks nucleic acid synthesis and is used against both RNA and DNA viruses. Antivirals for Hepatitis C (eficacia inconsistente)
    • Inmunoglobulina intravenosa (tratamiento complementario para los LOS Neisseria inmunodeprimidos)

Prevención

• Evite individuos infectados.
• Lavado de manos
• Limpieza de superficies.
• Cloración de piscinas
• Una vacuna oral viva:
  • Se dirige a los LOS Neisseria tipos 4 y 7 de adenovirus Adenovirus Adenovirus (member of the family Adenoviridae) is a nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA virus. Adenovirus is transmitted in a variety of ways, and it can have various presentations based on the site of entry. Presentation can include febrile pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, acute respiratory disease, atypical pneumonia, and gastroenteritis. Adenovirus
  • Solo para el personal militar

Comparaciones de Virus Clínicamente Similares

La siguiente tabla compara y contrasta los LOS Neisseria virus Virus Viruses are infectious, obligate intracellular parasites composed of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein capsid. Viruses can be either naked (non-enveloped) or enveloped. The classification of viruses is complex and based on many factors, including type and structure of the nucleoid and capsid, the presence of an envelope, the replication cycle, and the host range. Virology con presentaciones clínicas similares:

Diagnóstico Diferencial

• Faringitis bacteriana: infección de la faringe. Los LOS Neisseria pacientes suelen experimentar dolor Dolor Inflammation de garganta y fiebre. El diagnóstico puede incluir un tamizaje estreptocócico rápido para detectar Streptococcus Streptococcus Streptococcus is one of the two medically important genera of gram-positive cocci, the other being Staphylococcus. Streptococci are identified as different species on blood agar on the basis of their hemolytic pattern and sensitivity to optochin and bacitracin. There are many pathogenic species of streptococci, including S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, S. pneumoniae, and the viridans streptococci. Streptococcus del grupo A y cultivos bacterianos. El tratamiento incluye penicilina o amoxicilina.
• Neumonía bacteriana: infección del parénquima pulmonar. Los LOS Neisseria pacientes se presentan con fiebre, disnea y tos TOS Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a broad term used for a spectrum of syndromes related to the general region of the thoracic outlet, which involves the compression or irritation of elements of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome productiva. Los LOS Neisseria hallazgos de la radiografía de tórax suelen mostrar una consolidación lobar; sin embargo, en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum algunos casos pueden observarse infiltrados multifocales. El tratamiento suele incluir antibióticos empíricos, que pueden adaptarse si se identifica el organismo causante.
• Tos TOS Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a broad term used for a spectrum of syndromes related to the general region of the thoracic outlet, which involves the compression or irritation of elements of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome ferina: enfermedad infecciosa causada por Bordetella pertussis Bordetella pertussis A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that is the causative agent of whooping cough. Its cells are minute coccobacilli that are surrounded by a slime sheath. Bordetella. Los LOS Neisseria pacientes presentan inicialmente tos TOS Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a broad term used for a spectrum of syndromes related to the general region of the thoracic outlet, which involves the compression or irritation of elements of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome leve, fiebre, coriza, estornudos y conjuntivitis. Esto progresa a la tos TOS Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a broad term used for a spectrum of syndromes related to the general region of the thoracic outlet, which involves the compression or irritation of elements of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome característica e intensa seguida de un estridor inspiraratorio. El diagnóstico se confirma mediante PCR PCR Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique that amplifies DNA fragments exponentially for analysis. The process is highly specific, allowing for the targeting of specific genomic sequences, even with minuscule sample amounts. The PCR cycles multiple times through 3 phases: denaturation of the template DNA, annealing of a specific primer to the individual DNA strands, and synthesis/elongation of new DNA molecules. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) o cultivo. Los LOS Neisseria macrólidos se utilizan para el tratamiento.