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Medicamentos para los Trastornos del Movimiento

Los LOS Neisseria trastornos del movimiento pueden caracterizarse como hipocinéticos o hipercinéticos y, a menudo, requieren tratamiento farmacológico para mejorar el nivel de funcionamiento del individuo. Los LOS Neisseria trastornos del movimiento más comunes incluyen el temblor esencial, los LOS Neisseria tics Tics Habitual, repeated, rapid contraction of certain muscles, resulting in stereotyped individualized actions that can be voluntarily suppressed for only brief periods. They often involve the face, vocal cords, neck, and less often the extremities. Examples include repetitive throat clearing, vocalizations, sniffing, pursing the lips, and excessive blinking. Tics tend to be aggravated by emotional stress. When frequent they may interfere with speech and interpersonal relations. Conditions which feature frequent and prominent tics as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as tic disorders. Tics and Tourette Syndrome (síndrome de Tourette), la enfermedad de Parkinson, la enfermedad de Huntington y la enfermedad de Wilson. Cada una de estas afecciones requieren intervenciones farmacológicas únicas según la fisiopatología y la gravedad de los LOS Neisseria síntomas. Por ejemplo, la enfermedad de Parkinson requiere la restauración de la actividad dopaminérgica, mientras que los LOS Neisseria síntomas de la enfermedad de Huntington mejoran al AL Amyloidosis reducir las concentraciones de dopamina. Aunque estos agentes pueden ser muy beneficiosos, ningún agente es inocuo y algunos tienen efectos secundarios potencialmente graves.

Last updated: Dec 15, 2025

Editorial responsibility: Stanley Oiseth, Lindsay Jones, Evelin Maza

Descripción General

Definición

Los LOS Neisseria trastornos del movimiento son un grupo de afecciones neurológicas que provocan movimientos voluntarios o involuntarios excesivos; estos trastornos también pueden provocar movimientos lentos o reducidos.

Clasificación

  • Hipocinéticos:
    • Enfermedad de Parkinson
    • Parálisis supranuclear progresiva
    • Atrofia multisistémica
  • Hipercinéticos:
    • Distonía
    • Tortícolis
    • Blefaroespasmo
    • Temblor esencial
    • Mioclonías
    • Corea:
      • Se observa con la enfermedad de Huntington y la enfermedad de Wilson
      • Puede ser un efecto secundario de los LOS Neisseria medicamentos neurolépticos y dopaminérgicos
      • Se observa con afecciones tóxicas/metabólicas (e.g., abuso de alcohol, tirotoxicosis)
    • Trastornos de tics Tics Habitual, repeated, rapid contraction of certain muscles, resulting in stereotyped individualized actions that can be voluntarily suppressed for only brief periods. They often involve the face, vocal cords, neck, and less often the extremities. Examples include repetitive throat clearing, vocalizations, sniffing, pursing the lips, and excessive blinking. Tics tend to be aggravated by emotional stress. When frequent they may interfere with speech and interpersonal relations. Conditions which feature frequent and prominent tics as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as tic disorders. Tics and Tourette Syndrome, incluido el síndrome de Tourette
    • Discinesia tardía: asociada con agentes bloqueadores de los LOS Neisseria receptores de dopamina:
      • Medicamentos antipsicóticos
      • Agentes antieméticos (metoclopramida y proclorperazina)

Temblor Esencial

Definición

El temblor esencial, también conocido como temblor familiar, causa un temblor postural benigno de las manos que puede causar una angustia significativa a las personas que se ven afectadas.

Opciones terapéuticas

  • Propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs
  • Primidona (uso distinto al AL Amyloidosis de la ficha)

Mecanismo de acción

  • Propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs: betabloqueador no selectivo
  • Primidona: se desconoce el mecanismo exacto; actúa sobre los LOS Neisseria receptores GABA GABA The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Receptors and Neurotransmitters of the CNS, aumentando la inhibición sináptica

Farmacocinética

  • Tanto el propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs como la primidona son medicamentos orales
  • Ambos son metabolizados por el hígado y se excretan en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la orina
  • Inicio de acción y vida media:
    • Propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs:
      • Inicio de acción: 1–2 horas para la forma de acción corta; se debe tomar 2–3 veces al AL Amyloidosis día
      • También disponible en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum forma de liberación prolongada, se administra una vez al AL Amyloidosis día
      • Vida media: 3–6 horas
    • Primidona:
      • Inicio de acción: 3 horas
      • Administrado una vez al AL Amyloidosis día antes de acostarse
      • Vida media: 5–16 horas
      • Tiene metabolitos activos, incluido el fenobarbital, con una vida media de hasta 125 horas

Efectos secundarios

  • Propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs:
    • Bradicardia
    • Hipotensión
    • Insuficiencia cardíaca
    • Fatiga
    • Broncoespasmo (mediado por receptores beta)
    • Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson
    • Eritema multiforme
  • Primidona:
    • Posible lupus eritematoso sistémico inducido por medicamentos
    • Sedación
    • Náuseas/vómitos
    • Ataxia Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or peripheral nerve diseases. Motor ataxia may be associated with cerebellar diseases; cerebral cortex diseases; thalamic diseases; basal ganglia diseases; injury to the red nucleus; and other conditions. Ataxia-telangiectasia
    • Diplopía
    • Vértigo
    • Anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types megaloblástica

Interacciones medicamentosas

Tabla: Interacciones medicamentosas de los LOS Neisseria agentes utilizados para tratar los LOS Neisseria temblores esenciales
Agente Efectos
Propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs
  • Las concentraciones aumentan con:
    • Alcohol
    • Tabaco
  • La amiodarona aumenta los LOS Neisseria efectos bradicárdicos
  • Los LOS Neisseria barbitúricos aumentan los LOS Neisseria efectos hipotensores
  • El propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs aumenta los LOS Neisseria efectos de:
    • Alcaloides ergóticos (vasoconstricción)
    • Insulina (hipoglucemia)
    • Levodopa Levodopa The naturally occurring form of dihydroxyphenylalanine and the immediate precursor of dopamine. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to dopamine. It is used for the treatment of parkinsonian disorders and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system. Parkinson’s Disease Drugs
Primidona

Contraindicaciones

  • Propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs
    • Insuficiencia cardíaca descompensada
    • Anomalías de la conducción/bloqueo cardíaco
    • Asma ASMA Autoimmune Hepatitis
    • 2do o 3er trimestre del embarazo
    • Insuficiencia renal o hepática
  • Primidona
    • Porfiria
    • Depresión
    • Insuficiencia pulmonar
    • Insuficiencia renal o hepática
    • Trastornos por abuso de sustancias

Tics (Síndrome de Tourette)

Definición

Los LOS Neisseria tics Tics Habitual, repeated, rapid contraction of certain muscles, resulting in stereotyped individualized actions that can be voluntarily suppressed for only brief periods. They often involve the face, vocal cords, neck, and less often the extremities. Examples include repetitive throat clearing, vocalizations, sniffing, pursing the lips, and excessive blinking. Tics tend to be aggravated by emotional stress. When frequent they may interfere with speech and interpersonal relations. Conditions which feature frequent and prominent tics as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as tic disorders. Tics and Tourette Syndrome son movimientos repentinos, coordinados, anormales y repetitivos (e.g., encogerse de hombros u olfatear repetidamente).

El síndrome de Tourette es un trastorno del movimiento que se inicia durante la infancia y se caracteriza por tics Tics Habitual, repeated, rapid contraction of certain muscles, resulting in stereotyped individualized actions that can be voluntarily suppressed for only brief periods. They often involve the face, vocal cords, neck, and less often the extremities. Examples include repetitive throat clearing, vocalizations, sniffing, pursing the lips, and excessive blinking. Tics tend to be aggravated by emotional stress. When frequent they may interfere with speech and interpersonal relations. Conditions which feature frequent and prominent tics as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as tic disorders. Tics and Tourette Syndrome motores y fónicos.

Opciones terapéuticas

Listados alfabéticamente, no en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum orden de uso:

  • Aripiprazol
  • Toxina botulínica A
  • Clonidina
  • Haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics
  • Pimozida

Mecanismo de acción

  • Aripiprazol: antagonista de los LOS Neisseria receptores postsinápticos D2 y activador parcial de la serotonina
  • Toxina botulínica A: bloqueador presináptico de la liberación de acetilcolina dependiente del calcio en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la unión neuromuscular
  • Clonidina: agonista del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors alfa-adrenérgico
  • Haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics: antagonista no selectivo del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors D2
  • Pimozida: antagonista selectivo del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors dopaminérgico (D2)

Farmacocinética

Tabla: Farmacocinética de los LOS Neisseria medicamentos utilizados para tratar los LOS Neisseria temblores esenciales
Agente Administración Vida media de eliminación Inicio de acción Excreción
Pimozida Oral 111 ± 57 horas en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum adultos Dentro de 1 semana Renal (orina)
Haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics Oral 14–37 horas 1–2 semanas Renal
Aripiprazol Oral 75 horas 1–2 semanas Renal y fecal
Clonidina Oral 12–16 horas 1–2 semanas Renal
Toxina botulínica A Inyección local Hasta 2 horas Alrededor de 2 semanas Desconocida

Efectos secundarios

  • Pimozida:
    • Sedación
    • Cambios de comportamiento
    • Xerostomía (boca seca)
    • Estreñimiento
    • Prolongación del QT
    • Síndrome neuroléptico maligno
    • Discinesia tardía
  • Haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics:
    • Síntomas extrapiramidales:
      • Parkinsonismo: temblor/bradicinesia
      • Acatisia
      • Distonía
    • Efectos anticolinérgicos:
      • Hipertermia
      • Xerostomía
      • Sedación
      • Estreñimiento
      • Retención urinaria
    • Prolongación del QT
  • Aripiprazol:
    • Acatisia
    • Hipotensión ortostática
    • Cefalea
    • Aumento de peso
    • Ansiedad o depresión
    • Insomnio
  • Clonidina:
    • Hipotensión
    • Bradicardia
    • Mareo
    • Somnolencia
  • Toxina botulínica A:
    • Hematoma Hematoma A collection of blood outside the blood vessels. Hematoma can be localized in an organ, space, or tissue. Intussusception, edema Edema Edema is a condition in which excess serous fluid accumulates in the body cavity or interstitial space of connective tissues. Edema is a symptom observed in several medical conditions. It can be categorized into 2 types, namely, peripheral (in the extremities) and internal (in an organ or body cavity). Edema y dolor Dolor Inflammation en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el sitio de la inyección
    • Cefalea
    • Hipersensibilidad

Interacciones medicamentosas

  • Pimozida
    • Disminuye los LOS Neisseria efectos de:
      • Anfetaminas
      • Agentes antiparkinsonianos
    • Aumenta los LOS Neisseria efectos de la prolongación del intervalo QT de:
      • Haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics
      • Fluoxetina
      • Ondansetrón
  • Haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics:
    • El consumo de tabaco disminuye su concentración
    • Efecto aumentado con:
      • Litio
      • Alcohol etílico
      • Metildopa
    • Disminuye los LOS Neisseria efectos de:
      • Anfetamina
      • Epinefrina
  • Aripiprazol:
    • Aumenta los LOS Neisseria efectos de:
      • Alcohol
      • Oxicodona
    • Disminuye los LOS Neisseria efectos de:
      • Anfetaminas
      • Agonistas de la dopamina
  • Clonidina:
    • Aumenta los LOS Neisseria efectos de:
      • Alcohol
      • Oxicodona
      • Betabloqueadores
      • Formulaciones que contengan levodopa Levodopa The naturally occurring form of dihydroxyphenylalanine and the immediate precursor of dopamine. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to dopamine. It is used for the treatment of parkinsonian disorders and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system. Parkinson’s Disease Drugs
    • Disminución del efecto con las anfetaminas
  • Toxina botulínica A: efectos magnificados por los LOS Neisseria aminoglucósidos

Contraindicaciones

  • Aripiprazol:
    • Precaución en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum individuos que son metabolizadores lentos del CYP2D6
    • Precaución en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum personas con psicosis asociada a la demencia
    • Precaución en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el 3er trimestre del embarazo
    • Precaución en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum personas con enfermedades cardiovasculares
  • Clonidina:
    • Hipotensión
    • Enfermedad severa de las arterias coronarias
    • Personas mayores
    • Insuficiencia renal
    • Uso de alcohol o depresores del SNC
  • Toxina botulínica A:
    • Cicatrización queloide
    • Embarazo/lactancia
    • Esclerosis lateral amiotrófica
  • Haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics:
    • Síndrome de QT largo congénito
    • Hipersensibilidad
    • Enfermedad de Parkinson
    • Demencia con cuerpos de Lewy
    • Depresión severa del SNC
  • Pimozida:
    • Síndrome de QT largo congénito
    • Depresión severa del SNC
    • Arritmias cardíacas
    • Hipopotasemia
    • Hipomagnesemia

Enfermedad de Huntington

Definición

  • Enfermedad de Huntington: enfermedad hereditaria autosómica dominante caracterizada por trastornos progresivos del movimiento y demencia.
  • Corea: movimientos irregulares, impredecibles e involuntarios que fluyen aleatoriamente de 1 parte del cuerpo a otra; causados por hiperactividad funcional en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las vías nigroestriatales dopaminérgicas.

Tratamiento

  • 1a línea: inhibidores de los LOS Neisseria transportadores vesiculares de monoaminas tipo 2:
    • Tetrabenazina
    • Deutetrabenazina
  • Agentes de 2da línea que son utilizados de manera ocasional:
    • Antipsicóticos de 2da generación
    • Benzodiacepinas

Mecanismo de acción

  • El transporte de dopamina hacia las vesículas de los LOS Neisseria inhibidores de los LOS Neisseria transportadores vesiculares de monoaminas tipo 2 está impedido en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las terminales presinápticas.
  • Las vesículas están depletadas de dopamina y su transmisión está disminuida.

Farmacocinética

  • Distribución:
    • Concentración plasmática pico: 1–4 horas, según el agente
    • Vida media: 7–10 horas, según el agente
  • Metabolismo: hepático (CYP2D6)
  • Excreción: principalmente renal; fecal en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum una pequeña proporción

Efectos secundarios

  • Depresión/ideación suicida, que puede ser ya un problema con la enfermedad de Huntington
  • Sedación
  • Acatisia
  • Parkinsonismo
  • Prolongación del QT
  • Síndrome neuroléptico maligno
  • Hipotensión ortostática

Interacciones medicamentosas

  • Aumentan los LOS Neisseria efectos tóxicos de los LOS Neisseria antipsicóticos y los LOS Neisseria inhibidores de la monoaminooxidasa (IMAO)
  • El haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics puede exacerbar la prolongación del intervalo QT

Contraindicaciones

  • La combinación con los LOS Neisseria inhibidores de la monoaminooxidasa (IMAOs) requiere un período de lavado de 14 días
  • Enfermedad hepática subyacente

Enfermedad de Wilson

Definición

La enfermedad de Wilson es un trastorno autosómico recesivo que conduce a la acumulación de cobre en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el hígado, el cerebro y la córnea. La enfermedad tiene manifestaciones neurológicas que incluyen distonía, coreoatetosis, ataxia Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or peripheral nerve diseases. Motor ataxia may be associated with cerebellar diseases; cerebral cortex diseases; thalamic diseases; basal ganglia diseases; injury to the red nucleus; and other conditions. Ataxia-telangiectasia cerebelosa y temblores.

Opciones terapéuticas medicamentosas

  • Quelantes del cobre:
    • 1ra línea: D-penicilamina
    • 2da línea: trientina (trietilentetramina)
  • Prevención de la reacumulación: sales de zinc Zinc A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65. 38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol zn. Trace Elements

D-penicilamina

  • Mecanismo de acción: quelante
    • Secuestra el cobre (u otros metales pesados) mediante la formación de enlaces múltiples
    • Da como resultado la excreción urinaria de los LOS Neisseria metales pesados
  • Farmacocinética:
    • Vida media: 2–7 horas
    • Metabolismo: hepático (pequeñas cantidades)
    • Excreción: renal
  • Efectos secundarios
    • Anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types aplásica o agranulocitosis
    • Nefropatía
    • Hepatotoxicidad
    • Síndrome miasténico (miastenia gravis)
    • Síndrome similar al AL Amyloidosis lupus eritematoso
    • Sensibilidad cruzada con la penicilina
  • Interacciones medicamentosas
    • La D-penicilamina disminuye la concentración de la digoxina.
    • Antiácidos con zinc Zinc A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65. 38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol zn. Trace Elements, aluminio o magnesio como cationes polivalentes
  • Contraindicaciones:
    • Embarazo
    • Antecedentes de anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types aplásica relacionada con la penicilamina
    • Alergia documentada a la penicilina como una reacción inmunitaria
    • Insuficiencia renal
    • Artritis reumatoide tratada con inmunosupresores

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Comparación de Medicamentos para los Trastornos del Movimiento

Tabla: Comparación de medicamentos utilizados para los LOS Neisseria trastornos del movimiento
Medicamento Indicación para la enfermedad de trastorno del movimiento Mecanismo Efectos secundarios
Propranolol Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for myocardial infarction; arrhythmia; angina pectoris; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; migraine; pheochromocytoma; and anxiety but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Antiadrenergic Drugs Temblor esencial Antagonista beta no selectivo
  • Bradicardia
  • Hipotensión
  • Insuficiencia cardíaca
  • Fatiga
  • Broncoespasmo (mediado por los LOS Neisseria receptores beta)
  • Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson
  • Eritema multiforme
Pimozida Tics Tics Habitual, repeated, rapid contraction of certain muscles, resulting in stereotyped individualized actions that can be voluntarily suppressed for only brief periods. They often involve the face, vocal cords, neck, and less often the extremities. Examples include repetitive throat clearing, vocalizations, sniffing, pursing the lips, and excessive blinking. Tics tend to be aggravated by emotional stress. When frequent they may interfere with speech and interpersonal relations. Conditions which feature frequent and prominent tics as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as tic disorders. Tics and Tourette Syndrome (síndrome de Tourette) Antagonista selectivo del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors dopaminérgico (D2)
  • Sedación
  • Acatisia
  • Cambios de comportamiento
  • Efectos anticolinérgicos
  • Depresión
  • Prolongación del QT
  • Síndrome neuroléptico maligno
Haloperidol Haloperidol A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorders, ballism, and tourette syndrome (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in intellectual disability and the chorea of huntington disease. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable hiccups. First-Generation Antipsychotics Tics Tics Habitual, repeated, rapid contraction of certain muscles, resulting in stereotyped individualized actions that can be voluntarily suppressed for only brief periods. They often involve the face, vocal cords, neck, and less often the extremities. Examples include repetitive throat clearing, vocalizations, sniffing, pursing the lips, and excessive blinking. Tics tend to be aggravated by emotional stress. When frequent they may interfere with speech and interpersonal relations. Conditions which feature frequent and prominent tics as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as tic disorders. Tics and Tourette Syndrome (síndrome de Tourette) Antagonista no selectivo del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors D2
  • Síntomas extrapiramidales
  • Efectos anticolinérgicos
  • Prolongación del QT
Clonidina Tics Tics Habitual, repeated, rapid contraction of certain muscles, resulting in stereotyped individualized actions that can be voluntarily suppressed for only brief periods. They often involve the face, vocal cords, neck, and less often the extremities. Examples include repetitive throat clearing, vocalizations, sniffing, pursing the lips, and excessive blinking. Tics tend to be aggravated by emotional stress. When frequent they may interfere with speech and interpersonal relations. Conditions which feature frequent and prominent tics as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as tic disorders. Tics and Tourette Syndrome (síndrome de Tourette) Agonista del receptor Receptor Receptors are proteins located either on the surface of or within a cell that can bind to signaling molecules known as ligands (e.g., hormones) and cause some type of response within the cell. Receptors alfa-adrenérgico
  • Hipotensión
  • Bradicardia
  • Mareo
  • Somnolencia
Tetrabenazina Enfermedad de Huntington Transporte de dopamina a vesículas inhibidas en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la terminal presináptica
  • Depresión/ideación suicida
  • Sedación
  • Acatisia
  • Prolongación del QT
  • Síndrome neuroléptico maligno
  • Hipotensión ortostática
D-penicilamina Enfermedad de Wilson Quelante
  • Anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types aplásica o agranulocitosis
  • Nefropatía
  • Hepatotoxicidad
  • Miastenia gravis
  • Síndrome similar al AL Amyloidosis lupus
  • Sensibilidad cruzada con la penicilina

Referencias

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