Meiosis

Descripción General de la Meiosis

• Meiosis Meiosis The creation of eukaryotic gametes involves a DNA replication phase followed by 2 cellular division stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes into separate cells (1n, 2c), while meiosis II separates sister chromatids into gametes (1n, 1c). Meiosis: un proceso de división celular que crea gametos aneuploides en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum especies que se reproducen sexualmente.
• Ocurre en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum ovarios y testículos.
• Antes de la mitosis Mitosis A type of cell nucleus division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of chromosomes of the somatic cells of the species. Cell Cycle, la célula pasa por un ciclo de crecimiento y replicación del ADN llamado interfase.
• 1 ronda de replicación del ADN (interfase), seguida de 2 rondas de división celular.
• 2 rondas de división celular ( meiosis I Meiosis I Following DNA replication, meiosis I creates 2 daughter cells containing half the genetic information of the mother cell (1n) but the same number of chromosomes (2c) by segregating sister chromatids into the same daughter cell Meiosis y meiosis II Meiosis II Meiosis II is a cellular division event wherein the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is halved from that of the mother cell. Meiosis II: similar to meiosis I but not preceded by interphase (DNA replication) Meiosis) divididas en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum fases:
  • Profase
  • Metafase
  • Anafase
  • Telofase
  • Citocinesis
• Las células hijas resultantes tienen la mitad del número de cromosomas que las células madre.
• Nomenclatura: n = número de cromosomas homólogos, c = número total de cromosomas (homólogos y hermanos)

Meiosis I

Después de la replicación del ADN, la meiosis I Meiosis I Following DNA replication, meiosis I creates 2 daughter cells containing half the genetic information of the mother cell (1n) but the same number of chromosomes (2c) by segregating sister chromatids into the same daughter cell Meiosis crea 2 células hijas que contienen la mitad de la información genética de la célula madre (1n) pero la misma cantidad de cromosomas (2c) mediante la segregación de cromátidas hermanas en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la misma célula hija.

• Profase I: fase más larga de la meiosis Meiosis The creation of eukaryotic gametes involves a DNA replication phase followed by 2 cellular division stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes into separate cells (1n, 2c), while meiosis II separates sister chromatids into gametes (1n, 1c). Meiosis
  • Los LOS Neisseria cromosomas comienzan a condensarse.
  • Los LOS Neisseria cromosomas homólogos se alinean y se forma una sinapsis.
  • El entrecruzamiento (superposición y fusión de áreas homólogas de cromosomas alineados, provocando un intercambio de material genético) ocurre y es visible debido a los LOS Neisseria quiasmas (punto de entrecruzamiento).
  • El entrecruzamiento ocurre entre segmentos de cromátidas no hermanas (recombinación homóloga).
• Metafase I
  • La membrana nuclear se desensambla.
  • Los LOS Neisseria cromosomas se alinean en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el plano ecuatorial y se adhieren a las fibras del huso.
  • Las fibras del huso empujan los LOS Neisseria pares de cromosomas para que permanezcan en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el centro de la célula.
  • Las cohesinas mantienen unidas a las cromátidas hermanas desde la replicación hasta la anafase.
• Anafase I
  • Las fibras del huso se acortan.
  • Separación de los LOS Neisseria pares de cromosomas.
  • La célula se vuelve oblonga en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum preparación para la división.
• Telofase I y citocinesis
  • Las fibras del huso se desensamblan.
  • Los LOS Neisseria cromosomas se vuelven menos condensados y la envoltura nuclear puede comenzar a volver a formarse.
  • La citocinesis divide la célula en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum 2 células hijas, cada una de las cuales contiene solo 1 juego de cromosomas y se considera haploide.

Meiosis II

La meiosis II Meiosis II Meiosis II is a cellular division event wherein the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is halved from that of the mother cell. Meiosis II: similar to meiosis I but not preceded by interphase (DNA replication) Meiosis es un evento de división celular en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el que el número de cromosomas en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las células hijas se reduce a la mitad del de la célula madre.

• Meiosis II Meiosis II Meiosis II is a cellular division event wherein the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is halved from that of the mother cell. Meiosis II: similar to meiosis I but not preceded by interphase (DNA replication) Meiosis: similar a la meiosis I Meiosis I Following DNA replication, meiosis I creates 2 daughter cells containing half the genetic information of the mother cell (1n) but the same number of chromosomes (2c) by segregating sister chromatids into the same daughter cell Meiosis pero no precedida por interfase (replicación del ADN)
• Etapas de la meiosis II Meiosis II Meiosis II is a cellular division event wherein the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is halved from that of the mother cell. Meiosis II: similar to meiosis I but not preceded by interphase (DNA replication) Meiosis:
  • Profase II
    • La envoltura nuclear se desarma.
    • Las fibras del huso se forman nuevamente y los LOS Neisseria cromosomas comienzan a condensarse.
  • Metafase II
    • Las fibras del huso empujan los LOS Neisseria cromosomas hacia el centro de la célula.
    • La célula se alarga.
  • Anafase II
    • Las fibras del huso se acortan.
    • Se separan las cromátidas hermanas.
  • Telofase II
    • Los LOS Neisseria cromosomas se vuelven menos condensados.
    • Las fibras del huso se desensamblan.
    • Citocinesis: las células se dividen en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum 2 células hijas que son haploides.

Meiosis en Humanos

El cariotipo humano normalmente contiene 23 pares de cromosomas.

• 22 pares de autosomas
• 1 par PAR The PAR is the attributable risk for an entire population. It represents the fraction of cases that would not occur in a population if the exposure was eliminated. Measures of Risk de alosomas (cromosomas sexuales)
• 23 cromosomas de cada padre
• Total de 46 cromosomas

La meiosis Meiosis The creation of eukaryotic gametes involves a DNA replication phase followed by 2 cellular division stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes into separate cells (1n, 2c), while meiosis II separates sister chromatids into gametes (1n, 1c). Meiosis es importante en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la producción de células haploides (gametos).

• Los LOS Neisseria espermatocitos y los LOS Neisseria ovocitos son los LOS Neisseria 2 tipos de células haploides (gametos) que se producen durante la meiosis Meiosis The creation of eukaryotic gametes involves a DNA replication phase followed by 2 cellular division stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes into separate cells (1n, 2c), while meiosis II separates sister chromatids into gametes (1n, 1c). Meiosis.
• Reproducción sexual: 2 células haploides se combinan para formar 1 célula diploide.
• 1 haploide de la madre, 1 haploide del padre
• Los LOS Neisseria espermatocitos se producen durante la espermatogénesis.
• Los LOS Neisseria ovocitos se producen durante la ovogénesis.

Espermatogénesis

• Ocurre en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria túbulos seminíferos de los LOS Neisseria testículos.
• Etapa espermatogonial
  • Se produce expansión clonal mitótica.
  • Espermatogonias = células precursoras de los LOS Neisseria espermatocitos
  • Espermatogonias tipo A de las células germinales primordiales se dividen para mantener la población de células madre.
  • Algunas de las espermatogonias tipo A regresan o permanecen en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el estanque de reposo, mientras que algunas proliferan y se diferencian.
  • Las espermatogonias tipo A pueden convertirse en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum espermatogonias tipo B.
  • Las espermatogonias tipo B luego entran en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la etapa de preleptoteno y se convierten en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum espermatocitos primarios.
• Etapa meiótica
  • Los LOS Neisseria espermatocitos primarios pasan por 2 etapas de meiosis Meiosis The creation of eukaryotic gametes involves a DNA replication phase followed by 2 cellular division stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes into separate cells (1n, 2c), while meiosis II separates sister chromatids into gametes (1n, 1c). Meiosis.
  • Las células hijas haploides se denominan espermátidas redondas.
• Etapa de espermiogénesis
  • Las espermátidas redondas entran en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la etapa de espermatogénesis.
  • Las espermátidas sufren cambios nucleares y citoplasmáticos, lo que lleva a la formación de espermatozoides:
    • Formación del acrosoma (un lisosoma modificado)
    • El núcleo se condensa y se traslada a la periferia de la célula.
    • Luego se forman microtúbulos, produciendo flagelos.
    • Una gran parte del citoplasma se elimina como cuerpo residual.
    • Las células de Sertoli fagocitan estos cuerpos.
  • Los LOS Neisseria espermatozoides se almacenan hasta que maduren antes de ser liberados en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el epidídimo.

Ovogénesis

• Nacimiento a pubertad
  • Antes del nacimiento, el oogonio, que también surge de las células germinales, se somete a mitosis Mitosis A type of cell nucleus division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of chromosomes of the somatic cells of the species. Cell Cycle para producir ovocitos primarios.
  • Experimenta meiosis I Meiosis I Following DNA replication, meiosis I creates 2 daughter cells containing half the genetic information of the mother cell (1n) but the same number of chromosomes (2c) by segregating sister chromatids into the same daughter cell Meiosis, pero el proceso se detiene en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la profase I.
• Después de la pubertad
  • Los LOS Neisseria ovocitos primarios completan la meiosis I Meiosis I Following DNA replication, meiosis I creates 2 daughter cells containing half the genetic information of the mother cell (1n) but the same number of chromosomes (2c) by segregating sister chromatids into the same daughter cell Meiosis formando un ovocito secundario y el primer cuerpo polar.
  • Los LOS Neisseria ovocitos secundarios luego comienzan la meiosis II Meiosis II Meiosis II is a cellular division event wherein the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is halved from that of the mother cell. Meiosis II: similar to meiosis I but not preceded by interphase (DNA replication) Meiosis y son ovulados
  • El ovocito secundario se detiene en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la metafase II.
• Fertilización
  • Un ovocito secundario y un espermatozoide se fusionan.
  • La meiosis II Meiosis II Meiosis II is a cellular division event wherein the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is halved from that of the mother cell. Meiosis II: similar to meiosis I but not preceded by interphase (DNA replication) Meiosis continúa y se completa cuando el espermatozoide penetra por completo en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el ovocito secundario.
  • Un segundo cuerpo polar y el óvulo se producen después de la meiosis II Meiosis II Meiosis II is a cellular division event wherein the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is halved from that of the mother cell. Meiosis II: similar to meiosis I but not preceded by interphase (DNA replication) Meiosis.
  • Cuando los LOS Neisseria núcleos de los LOS Neisseria espermatozoides y el óvulo se unen, se produce un cigoto diploide.

Meiosis vs. Mitosis

• La principal diferencia entre estos 2 procesos es la cantidad de pasos necesarios para completar la división celular.
• La mitosis Mitosis A type of cell nucleus division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of chromosomes of the somatic cells of the species. Cell Cycle implica una sola división que produce 2 células hijas similares a la célula madre.
• La meiosis Meiosis The creation of eukaryotic gametes involves a DNA replication phase followed by 2 cellular division stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes into separate cells (1n, 2c), while meiosis II separates sister chromatids into gametes (1n, 1c). Meiosis ocurre como un proceso de división de 2 células que produce 4 células hijas que son completamente distintas entre sí y de las células madre.
• El producto final de la meiosis Meiosis The creation of eukaryotic gametes involves a DNA replication phase followed by 2 cellular division stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes into separate cells (1n, 2c), while meiosis II separates sister chromatids into gametes (1n, 1c). Meiosis tiene la mitad del número de cromosomas en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum comparación con la célula madre, mientras que la mitosis Mitosis A type of cell nucleus division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of chromosomes of the somatic cells of the species. Cell Cycle produce células hijas con el mismo número de cromosomas.
• La mitosis Mitosis A type of cell nucleus division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of chromosomes of the somatic cells of the species. Cell Cycle ocurre en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las células somáticas y durante la división celular temprana en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la formación de gametos, mientras que la meiosis Meiosis The creation of eukaryotic gametes involves a DNA replication phase followed by 2 cellular division stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes into separate cells (1n, 2c), while meiosis II separates sister chromatids into gametes (1n, 1c). Meiosis ocurre sólo en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la división final de la maduración de los LOS Neisseria gametos.

Relevancia Clínica

• Síndrome de Down (trisomía 21): la aberración cromosómica más común y la causa genética más frecuente de retraso en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el desarrollo. El síndrome de Down resulta de una falla en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la meiosis Meiosis The creation of eukaryotic gametes involves a DNA replication phase followed by 2 cellular division stages: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes into separate cells (1n, 2c), while meiosis II separates sister chromatids into gametes (1n, 1c). Meiosis. Los LOS Neisseria rasgos característicos incluyen ojos rasgados en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum forma de almendra con piel que cubre los LOS Neisseria aspectos internos, un puente nasal ancho y aplanado, orejas pequeñas y redondeadas y una boca pequeña con una lengua grande.
• Síndrome de Patau (trisomía 13): un síndrome genético causado por la presencia de 3 copias del cromosoma 13. Los LOS Neisseria hallazgos incluyen malformaciones craneofaciales y cardíacas, discapacidad intelectual grave y esperanza de vida muy reducida. La mayoría de los LOS Neisseria lactantes no sobreviven más allá de los LOS Neisseria 3 meses.
• Síndrome de Edwards (trisomía 18): un síndrome genético causado por la presencia de un cromosoma 18 adicional, que puede ser de 3 copias completas del cromosoma 18 o de un segmento adicional del cromosoma 18. Las anomalías observadas incluyen retraso del crecimiento intrauterino, dedos superpuestos, características craneofaciales típicas, pies en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum mecedora y defectos cardíacos congénitos.
• Síndrome de Klinefelter: una aneuploidia cromosómica caracterizada por la presencia de 1 o más cromosomas X adicionales en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum un cariotipo masculino, lo que más comúnmente conduce al AL Amyloidosis cariotipo 47, XXY XXY Klinefelter syndrome is a chromosomal aneuploidy characterized by the presence of 1 or more extra X chromosomes in a male karyotype, most commonly leading to karyotype 47,XXY. Klinefelter syndrome is associated with decreased levels of testosterone and is the most common cause of congenital hypogonadism. Klinefelter Syndrome. El síndrome de Klinefelter se asocia con niveles reducidos de testosterona y es la causa más común de hipogonadismo congénito. Las personas con el síndrome tienden a presentarse como hombres altos fenotípicos, con testículos pequeños, disminución del vello corporal, ginecomastia e infertilidad.
• Síndrome de Turner: una afección genética que afecta a las mujeres a las que les falta parcial o completamente 1 cromosoma X. El resultado clásico es el cariotipo 45, X0 con fenotipo femenino. El aspecto característico es el de una persona femenina de baja estatura, cuello palmeado, tórax ancho con pezones muy separados, nacimiento del cabello posterior bajo y edema Edema Edema is a condition in which excess serous fluid accumulates in the body cavity or interstitial space of connective tissues. Edema is a symptom observed in several medical conditions. It can be categorized into 2 types, namely, peripheral (in the extremities) and internal (in an organ or body cavity). Edema periférico en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum manos y pies.