Colon, Ciego y Apéndice: Anatomía

Desarrollo

El intestino grueso se desarrolla a partir del intestino primitivo medio y posterior:

• Intestino medio: ciego a colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy transverso distal
• Intestino posterior: colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy transverso distal a la línea dentada en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el anorecto
• El tubo intestinal primitivo crece y se desarrolla:
  • Conectado a la pared abdominal posterior por el mesenterio dorsal
  • Irrigación sanguínea ubicada dentro del mesenterio

Anatomía Macroscópica

Partes del intestino grueso

• Ciego
• Apéndice vermiforme
• Colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy ascendente
• Colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy transverso
• Colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy descendente
• Colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy sigmoide
• Recto
• Canal anal

Mesenterios y ubicación intraperitoneal Intraperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy versus retroperitoneal Retroperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy

• Los LOS Neisseria mesenterios intestinales son pliegues de peritoneo que conectan estos órganos con la pared abdominal posterior.
• Algunas partes del intestino grueso tienen mesenterio → intraperitoneal Intraperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy
• Algunas partes no tienen mesenterio y están ubicadas debajo del peritoneo parietal Parietal One of a pair of irregularly shaped quadrilateral bones situated between the frontal bone and occipital bone, which together form the sides of the cranium. Skull: Anatomy → retroperitoneal Retroperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy
• Secundariamente retroperitoneal Retroperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy: órganos que tenían un mesenterio in utero y que retrocedieron temprano en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el desarrollo, dejando el órgano retroperitoneal Retroperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum su posición madura

Características generales del colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy

• Forma una U invertida en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el abdomen
• Alrededor de 1,5–2 m de largo
• En EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria márgenes inferiores del estómago en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el hígado
• Rodea el intestino delgado
• Comienza en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el íleon
• Recibe quimo del íleon a través de las válvulas ileocecales
• Termina en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el ano
• El epiplón mayor cuelga sobre el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy transverso.
• Incluye partes ascendente, transversal, descendente y sigmoidea

Ciego

• 1ra parte del intestino grueso
• Aproximadamente 7,5–9 cm de largo y ancho
• Bolsa intestinal entre el íleon terminal ( en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la unión ileocecal) y el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy ascendente
• Situado en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la fosa ilíaca del cuadrante inferior derecho del abdomen
• Cubierto por todos lados por peritoneo (= intraperitoneal Intraperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy), aunque no tiene mesenterio (↓ movilidad)
• Contiene la abertura en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el apéndice (orificio apendicular)

Apéndice

• Apéndice: divertículo intestinal ciego fuera del ciego
• Aproximadamente 6–10 cm de largo
• Contiene importante tejido linfoide
• La base surge de la cara posteromedial del ciego, inferior a la unión ileocecal.
• La ubicación de la cola puede ser:
  • Retrocecal (65%)
  • Pélvica (30%)
  • Subcecal (2%)
  • Preileal (2%)
  • Postileal (1%)
• Mesoapéndice:
  • Mesenterio triangular corto que contiene los LOS Neisseria vasos apendiculares
  • Mesenterio: intraperitoneal Intraperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy y mayor movilidad
• Punto de McBurney:
  • Proyección superficial de la base del apéndice
  • Aproximadamente ⅓ del camino entre la espina ilíaca anterosuperior y el ombligo (más cerca de la espina ilíaca anterosuperior)

Colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy ascendente

• 2da parte del intestino grueso
• Más estrecho que el ciego
• Pasa superiormente desde el ciego hasta el lóbulo derecho del hígado
• Flexura cólica derecha (también conocida como flexura hepática): extremo del colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy ascendente donde hace HACE Altitude Sickness un giro de 90 grados hacia la línea media y se convierte en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy transverso
• Órgano secundariamente retroperitoneal Retroperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy → sin mesenterio → menos movilidad

Colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy transverso

• La 3ra parte, más larga y más móvil del intestino grueso
• Corre transversalmente a través de la mitad superior del abdomen
• Comienza en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el hígado/flexura cólica derecha (flexura hepática)
• Termina en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el bazo/flexura cólica izquierda (también conocida como flexura esplénica), donde hace HACE Altitude Sickness un giro de 90 grados hacia abajo y se convierte en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy descendente
• Cubierto por el epiplón mayor
• Divide el saco mayor de la cavidad peritoneal en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum compartimentos supracólico e infracólico.
• Mesocolon transverso:
  • Mesenterio del colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy transverso
  • Mesenterio: estructura intraperitoneal Intraperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy, ↑ movilidad

Colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy descendente

• Se extiende entre la flexura cólica (esplénica) izquierda y la fosa ilíaca izquierda, donde se continúa con el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy sigmoide
• Órgano secundariamente retroperitoneal Retroperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy → sin mesenterio → menos movilidad

Colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy sigmoide

• Bucle en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum forma de S de longitud variable Variable Variables represent information about something that can change. The design of the measurement scales, or of the methods for obtaining information, will determine the data gathered and the characteristics of that data. As a result, a variable can be qualitative or quantitative, and may be further classified into subgroups. Types of Variables
• Corre entre el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy descendente y el recto
• Mesocolon sigmoide:
  • Mesenterio del colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy sigmoide
  • Mesenterio: estructura intraperitoneal Intraperitoneal Peritoneum: Anatomy, ↑ movilidad

Características anatómicas macroscópicas exclusivas del colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy

Varias características anatómicas distinguen el intestino grueso del intestino delgado y el recto, que incluyen:

• Tenia coli:
  • 3 bandas discretas de músculo longitudinal en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la pared del colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy ( en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum lugar de una capa longitudinal continua en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la capa muscular como se ve VE Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el intestino delgado):
    • Tenia omental: se adhiere al AL Amyloidosis epiplón mayor
    • Tenia mesocólica: se adhiere al AL Amyloidosis mesocolon transverso (que ancla el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy transverso a la pared abdominal posterior)
    • Taenia coli Taenia coli Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy libre: no adherida a otras estructuras
  • Se contrae para formar la haustra Haustra Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy
• Haustra Haustra Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy:
  • Saculaciones en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy creadas por la contracción de la tenia coli longitudinal
  • Internamente, estas saculaciones están separadas por pliegues semilunares (protuberancias de la mucosa en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el lumen)
• Apéndices omentales (también llamados apéndices epiploicos): pequeñas proyecciones adiposas similares al AL Amyloidosis epiplón

Anatomía Microscópica

Descripción general de la estructura de la pared

• Las paredes del intestino grueso son más delgadas que las del intestino delgado.
• Las capas generales son las mismas: mucosa → submucosa → muscular propia → serosa

Mucosa

• 3 subcapas:
  • Epitelio columnar
  • Lámina propia
  • Muscular de la mucosa
• Las vellosidades están ausentes.
• Microvellosidades (también conocidas como borde en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum cepillo): presentes, pero menos abundantes que en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el intestino delgado
• Glándulas intestinales (también llamadas criptas intestinales):
  • Poros en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la pared, que se abren en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum glándulas en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum forma de tubo.
  • Contienen una gran cantidad de células caliciformes:
    • Células epiteliales productoras de mucina
    • Más prominentes en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el intestino grueso que en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el intestino delgado
  • Produce copiosas cantidades de moco para la lubricación de las heces
• Tejido linfoide asociado a mucosas
  • Importante tejido linfoide presente en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la lámina propia
  • Más abundante en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el apéndice

Submucosa

• Tejido conectivo laxo
• Contiene:
  • Vasos más grandes
  • Plexo nervioso de Meissner (ganglios del SNA): controla la muscular de la mucosa (independiente de la muscular propia)

Muscular propia

La capa muscular primaria de la pared del colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy.

• Capa circular interior
• Músculos longitudinales externos:
  • No es una capa continua
  • Presente solo en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las 3 bandas de tejido, conocidas como tenias coli:
    • Tenia coli omental
    • Tenia coli mesocólica
    • Tenia coli libre
• Contiene el plexo mientérico (Auerbach):
  • Ganglios del SNA, que controla la capa muscular.
  • Situado entre 2 capas de músculo liso

Serosa

• Formada por tejido conectivo
• Continúa con peritoneo visceral
• Conectada al AL Amyloidosis mesenterio o peritoneo

Irrigación e Inervación

Irrigación arterial

La irrigación arterial es a través de la arteria mesentérica superior y la arteria mesentérica inferior.

• Ramas de la arteria mesentérica superior (comenzando en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el cuadrante inferior derecho y moviéndose en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el sentido de las manecillas del reloj):
  • Arteria ileocólica:
    • Rama cólica → ciego
    • Arteria apendicular (fuera de la rama cólica) → apéndice
    • Rama ileal → íleon terminal
  • Arteria cólica derecha → colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy ascendente
  • Arteria cólica media:
    • Irriga el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy ascendente y transverso
    • Continúa con la arteria marginal
  • Arteria marginal (de Drummond):
    • Irriga el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy transverso
    • Forma una importante anastomosis entre la arteria cólica media (fuera de la arteria mesentérica superior) y la arteria cólica izquierda (fuera de la arteria mesentérica inferior)
  • Arterias yeyunales e ileales → yeyuno e íleon
• Ramas de la arteria mesentérica inferior (comenzando en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum cuadrante superior izquierdo y moviéndose en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el sentido de las agujas del reloj):
  • Arteria cólica izquierda:
    • Irriga el colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy descendente
    • Se anastomosa con la arteria marginal, conectando la circulación de la arteria mesentérica superior e inferior
  • Arterias sigmoideas → colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy sigmoide
  • Arteria rectal superior → recto superior
• Vasa recta Vasa recta Glomerular Filtration: vasos pequeños que se separan del vaso principal y que irrigan directamente la pared intestinal.

Drenaje venoso

El ciego, apéndice y colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy drenan a través de venas nombradas que corren paralelas a sus arterias, que finalmente drenan en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la vena mesentérica superior y vena mesentérica inferior.

• Vena mesentérica superior:
  • Recibe drenaje de:
    • ½ derecha del intestino grueso
    • A través de las venas ileocólica y cólica derecha y media
  • Se une a la vena esplénica para formar la vena porta hepática
• Vena mesentérica inferior:
  • Recibe drenaje de:
    • ½ izquierda del intestino grueso
    • A través de las venas rectal superior, sigmoidea y cólica izquierda
  • Drena en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la vena esplénica → vena porta hepática

Drenaje linfático

A través de múltiples ganglios linfáticos abdominales:

• Epicólico
• Paracólico
• Ileocólico
• Ganglios linfáticos cólicos derechos, medios e izquierdos

Inervación

El colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy está inervado por el SNA, que tiene divisiones parasimpáticas y simpáticas.

• Inervación parasimpática:
  • Estimulante
  • A través de ramas de:
    • Nervio vago
    • Nervios esplácnicos pélvicos
• Inervación simpática:
  • Inhibitoria
  • A través de los LOS Neisseria plexos mesentéricos superior e inferior

Función

• Absorción de agua
• Producción de vitaminas por la flora bacteriana (y absorción):
  • Vitamina K
  • Varias vitaminas B
• Compactación de heces
• Almacenamiento de heces
• Mover materiales de desecho hacia el recto para su expulsión

Relevancia Clínica

• Apendicitis: inflamación aguda del apéndice causada por la obstrucción de la luz, generalmente debido a heces calcificadas, tumores o cuerpos extraños. La apendicitis es la emergencia quirúrgica abdominal más común a nivel mundial; clásicamente se presenta con dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal periumbilical que migra al AL Amyloidosis cuadrante inferior derecho, fiebre, anorexia Anorexia The lack or loss of appetite accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder anorexia nervosa. Anorexia Nervosa, náuseas y vómitos. El tratamiento suele ser quirúrgico.
• Diverticulosis Diverticulosis A pathological condition characterized by the presence of a number of colonic diverticula in the colon. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial, including colon aging, motor dysfunction, increases in intraluminal pressure, and lack of dietary fibers. Diverticular Disease: un divertículo intestinal es una protuberancia en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum forma de saco de la pared intestinal que sobresale hacia afuera. Los LOS Neisseria divertículos surgen debido al AL Amyloidosis aumento de la presión intestinal asociada con una dieta baja en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum fibra y cuando el transporte del contenido intestinal es más lento. La afección es típicamente asintomática.
• Diverticulitis Diverticulitis Inflammation of a diverticulum or diverticula. Diverticular Disease: inflamación de los LOS Neisseria divertículos que ocurre cuando los LOS Neisseria divertículos se ocluyen. La diverticulitis Diverticulitis Inflammation of a diverticulum or diverticula. Diverticular Disease a menudo se presenta con dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal inferior y cambios en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria hábitos intestinales y puede complicarse con absceso, perforación, fístula y obstrucción intestinal.
• Colitis Colitis Inflammation of the colon section of the large intestine, usually with symptoms such as diarrhea (often with blood and mucus), abdominal pain, and fever. Pseudomembranous Colitis isquémica: isquemia del colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy debida a hipoperfusión que puede resultar de la oclusión de un vaso (e.g., eventos tromboembólicos arteriales), shock Shock Shock is a life-threatening condition associated with impaired circulation that results in tissue hypoxia. The different types of shock are based on the underlying cause: distributive (↑ cardiac output (CO), ↓ systemic vascular resistance (SVR)), cardiogenic (↓ CO, ↑ SVR), hypovolemic (↓ CO, ↑ SVR), obstructive (↓ CO), and mixed. Types of Shock hipovolémico, sepsis Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by hypotension despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called septic shock. Sepsis and Septic Shock o laceración traumática de un vaso. La arteria mesentérica superior es la más comúnmente afectada. Clásicamente, la presentación es con un inicio repentino de dolor Dolor Inflammation que no guarda proporción con los LOS Neisseria hallazgos físicos. El objetivo principal del tratamiento es restablecer el flujo sanguíneo.
• Pólipos de colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy: un pólipo es un crecimiento excesivo de tejido mucoso en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el intestino grueso. Un pólipo puede ser sésil (ancho y plano), ramificado o pedunculado. Los LOS Neisseria pólipos suelen ser < 1 cm y no causan ningún síntoma, aunque pueden causar estreñimiento, diarrea o sangre en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las heces. Los LOS Neisseria pólipos se pueden clasificar como neoplásicos o no neoplásicos. Los LOS Neisseria pólipos hiperplásicos no son neoplásicos, mientras que los LOS Neisseria adenomas son el tipo más común de pólipo neoplásico y tienen el potencial de convertirse en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum cáncer. Los LOS Neisseria pólipos pueden estar asociados con síndromes genéticos.
• Cáncer colorrectal: tumor Tumor Inflammation maligno de colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy y/o recto. Casi todos los LOS Neisseria casos de cáncer colorrectal son adenocarcinomas, y la mayoría de las lesiones provienen de la transformación maligna de un pólipo adenomatoso. El cáncer colorrectal suele ser asintomático, y los LOS Neisseria síntomas, como sangrado oculto, suelen desarrollarse tarde. El pronóstico depende de la etapa del cáncer en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el momento del descubrimiento.
• Malrotación del intestino: anomalía congénita resultante de la rotación anormal del tubo intestinal primitivo durante el desarrollo. Hay diferentes variantes de esta afección, pero normalmente todo el intestino grueso se encuentra en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la ½ izquierda del abdomen y el intestino delgado en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la ½ derecha. La malrotación del intestino puede ser asintomática o puede dar lugar a complicaciones significativas, como vólvulo del intestino medio.
• Obstrucción del intestino grueso: interrupción del flujo normal del contenido intestinal a través del colon Colon The large intestines constitute the last portion of the digestive system. The large intestine consists of the cecum, appendix, colon (with ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments), rectum, and anal canal. The primary function of the colon is to remove water and compact the stool prior to expulsion from the body via the rectum and anal canal. Colon, Cecum, and Appendix: Anatomy y el recto. Esta obstrucción puede ser mecánica (debido a la oclusión física real de la luz) o funcional (debido a una pérdida del peristaltismo normal, también conocida como pseudoobstrucción). La malignidad y el vólvulo son las causas más comunes de obstrucción mecánica del intestino grueso. Los LOS Neisseria síntomas típicos incluyen dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal inferior intermitente, distensión abdominal y estreñimiento.
• Síndrome del intestino irritable: enfermedad funcional del intestino caracterizada por dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal crónico y hábitos intestinales alterados sin una causa orgánica identificable. Los LOS Neisseria síntomas del síndrome del intestino irritable pueden incluir problemas digestivos junto con dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal, diarrea o estreñimiento. Este síndrome está asociado con la sensibilidad al AL Amyloidosis gluten Gluten Prolamins in the endosperm of seeds from the triticeae tribe which includes species of wheat; barley; and rye. Celiac Disease y factores psicológicos y es un diagnóstico de exclusión.