Anemia Sideroblástica

Descripción General

Definición

Las anemias sideroblásticas son un grupo heterogéneo de trastornos de la médula ósea caracterizados por la acumulación anormal de hierro en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las mitocondrias de los LOS Neisseria precursores eritroides.

La distribución del hierro es en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum forma de anillo alrededor del núcleo, manifestado por los LOS Neisseria precursores (sideroblastos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum anillo) en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la médula ósea.

Epidemiología

• Una enfermedad rara → incidencia y prevalencia no están bien establecidas
• Hombres > mujeres
• No hay predominio racial
• Las formas hereditarias suelen manifestarse antes de los LOS Neisseria 30 años.
• El tipo adquirido suele observarse a partir de los LOS Neisseria 65 años.

Etiología

Trastornos congénitos:

• Sindrómico: con manifestaciones no hematológicas acompañantes
• No sindrómico:
  • Presenta con anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types, sin otras manifestaciones clínicas
  • Mayoría de los LOS Neisseria casos

Adquirida:

• Trastornos hematopoyéticos clonales:
  • Síndromes mielodisplásicos
  • Neoplasias mieloproliferativas
• Causas reversibles:
  • Alcohol
  • Carencias vitamínicas (vitamina B₆, cofactor de la síntesis de protoporfirina)
  • Intoxicación por plomo (inhibe la conversión de protoporfirinas)
  • Medicamentos (isoniazida, cloranfenicol, linezolid Linezolid An oxazolidinone and acetamide derived anti-bacterial agent and protein synthesis inhibitor that is used in the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections of the skin and respiratory tract. Oxazolidinones)
  • Déficit de cobre
  • Intoxicación por zinc Zinc A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65. 38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol zn. Trace Elements
  • Hipotermia

Fisiopatología

Síntesis del hemo

• Hemo:
  • Un compuesto que contiene porfirina, sintetizado a través de una vía enzimática que tiene lugar en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las mitocondrias y el citoplasma
  • La mayor parte se produce en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la médula ósea.
• En EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la mitocondria:
  • Succinil-CoA + glicina → ácido aminolevulínico
  • La reacción es catalizada por la sintasa del ácido aminolevulínico (ALAS2 en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria eritrocitos).
  • Ácido aminolevulínico → sale al AL Amyloidosis citoplasma
• En EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el citoplasma:
  • 2 moléculas de ácido aminolevulínico se condensan para producir porfobilinógeno.
  • Porfobilinógeno → uroporfirinógeno III → coproporfirinógeno III
  • El coproporfirinógeno III es transportado de vuelta a la mitocondria.
• En EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la mitocondria:
  • Coproporfirinógeno III → protoporfirinógeno III, que luego se convierte en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum protoporfirina IX
  • El hierro ferroso se inserta en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la protoporfirina IX (catalizado por la ferroquelatasa), formando el hemo.

Patogénesis

Defectos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la síntesis del hemo:

• Anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types sideroblástica ligada al AL Amyloidosis cromosoma X:
  • Mutaciones en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el gen ALAS2, que codifica la sintasa del ácido aminolevulínico, la enzima que limita la velocidad de la síntesis del hemo
  • Frecuentemente (> 50% de los LOS Neisseria casos) responden a la suplementación con B₆
• Anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types sideroblástica autosómica recesiva:
  • Mutación SLC25A38: deterioro del transporte de glicina a la mitocondria
  • Mutación FECH : alteración de la ferroquelatasa
• Adquirida:
  • Isoniazida: provoca una alteración del gen ALAS2
  • Alcohol

Defectos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la biogénesis de los LOS Neisseria grupos hierro-azufre:

• Los LOS Neisseria grupos hierro-azufre participan en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum múltiples funciones biológicas, como el transporte de electrones, la regulación del hierro y la reparación del ADN.
• La disfunción en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la transferencia de grupos hierro-azufre dentro y fuera de las mitocondrias desactiva la eritropoyesis.
• Se ve VE Ventilation: Mechanics of Breathing en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum mutaciones como:
  • ABCB7: asociado con ataxia Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or peripheral nerve diseases. Motor ataxia may be associated with cerebellar diseases; cerebral cortex diseases; thalamic diseases; basal ganglia diseases; injury to the red nucleus; and other conditions. Ataxia-telangiectasia (sindrómica)
  • HSPA9
  • GLRX5

Defectos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la síntesis de proteínas mitocondriales:

• Las etiologías congénitas afectan a proteínas multifuncionales, por lo que se asocian a signos sistémicos (sindrómicos) como:
  • Síndrome médula-páncreas de Pearson
  • Miopatía, acidosis Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. Respiratory Acidosis láctica y anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types sideroblástica
  • Mutación TRNT1 (inmunodeficiencia, fiebres recurrentes, retraso en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el desarrollo)
• Adquirida:
  • Cloranfenicol
  • Linezolid Linezolid An oxazolidinone and acetamide derived anti-bacterial agent and protein synthesis inhibitor that is used in the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections of the skin and respiratory tract. Oxazolidinones

Disfunción de la eritropoyesis:

• Los LOS Neisseria eritrocitos no pueden madurar
• Conduce a la muerte celular en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la médula (hemólisis intramedular)
• ↑ Absorción inadecuada de hierro → sobrecarga de hierro
• Visto en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum:
  • XLSA
  • Mutación SLC25A38
  • Síndromes mielodisplásicos/Neoplasias mieloproliferativas

Presentación Clínica

La presentación clínica varía en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum función de la enfermedad subyacente.

Características generales de la anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types:

• Retraso en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el crecimiento de los LOS Neisseria niños
• Fatiga y debilidad muscular
• Hipotermia
• Fotosensibilidad

Los LOS Neisseria pacientes con déficit de vitamina B₆ pueden tener:

• Neuropatía periférica
• Ataxia Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or peripheral nerve diseases. Motor ataxia may be associated with cerebellar diseases; cerebral cortex diseases; thalamic diseases; basal ganglia diseases; injury to the red nucleus; and other conditions. Ataxia-telangiectasia
• Dermatitis Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)
• Glositis

Los LOS Neisseria pacientes con intoxicación por plomo pueden tener:

• Dolor Dolor Inflammation abdominal
• Líneas de plomo dentales
• Neuropatía periférica (adultos)
• Ataxia Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or peripheral nerve diseases. Motor ataxia may be associated with cerebellar diseases; cerebral cortex diseases; thalamic diseases; basal ganglia diseases; injury to the red nucleus; and other conditions. Ataxia-telangiectasia
• Encefalopatía
• Retraso mental y de crecimiento (niños)

Otros:

• Orina teñida de rosa por las porfirinas
• Las personas con anemias sideroblásticas sindrómicas tendrán otras manifestaciones no hematológicas.

Diagnóstico

Antecedentes

• Antecedentes familiares de anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types
• Presencia de características clínicas concurrentes ( en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum las formas sindrómicas)
• Posibilidades de deficiencia de cobre:
  • Antecedentes de cirugía gastrointestinal
  • Nutrición enteral o parenteral sin cobre
  • Consumo excesivo de zinc Zinc A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65. 38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol zn. Trace Elements
• Consumo de alcohol
• Antecedentes de exposición al AL Amyloidosis plomo
• Medicamentos
• Diálisis de larga duración

Hallazgos de laboratorio

• Hemograma completo:
  • Microcitosis (volumen corpuscular medio (VCM) < 80)
  • ↑ Ancho de distribución eritrocitaria
  • Importancia clínica: en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum niños, ni la anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types microcítica sin déficit de hierro, ni la talasemia son sugestivas de anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types sideroblástica ligada al AL Amyloidosis cromosoma X
• Recuento de reticulocitos normal a bajo
• Estudios del hierro:
  • ↑ Hierro sérico
  • ↑ Niveles de ferritina
  • Capacidad normal o ↓ de la fijación total del hierro
  • ↑ Saturación de transferrina
• Frotis de sangre periférica anormal:
  • Anisocitosis, poiquilocitosis
  • Siderocitos: eritrocitos hipocrómicos con gránulos basófilos con tinción positiva para el hierro
• El diagnóstico se basa en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el aspirado de médula ósea ( en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el frotis teñido con azul de Prusia): sideroblastos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum anillo

Diferenciación de la anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types sideroblástica de otras anemias microcíticas

Estudios adicionales

• De estar indicado, basándose en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum los LOS Neisseria antecedentes:
  • Niveles de cobre y ceruloplasmina
  • Nivel de plomo
• Pruebas genéticas:
  • Necesario para establecer un diagnóstico específico
  • Realizado en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum leucocitos de la sangre periférica

Tratamiento

Objetivos

• Prevenir el daño a los LOS Neisseria órganos por la sobrecarga de hierro.
• Controlar los LOS Neisseria síntomas asociados a la anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types.

Opciones de tratamiento

Las opciones de tratamiento dependen de la etiología e incluyen:

• Causada por medicamentos: suspensión de la medicación
• Causada por alcohol o toxinas: abstinencia de alcohol, eliminación de los LOS Neisseria agentes tóxicos
• Tratamiento de la condición subyacente, i.e., síndromes mielodisplásicos/neoplasias mieloproliferativas
• En EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum caso de consumo de isoniazida: Se requiere la coadministración de B₆.
• Para la anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types sideroblástica ligada al AL Amyloidosis cromosoma X: suplementos de vitamina B₆ (piridoxina)
• Para la anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types megaloblástica que responde a la tiamina: vitamina B₁
• Para la anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types sintomática: transfusión si está indicada
• Sobrecarga de hierro: flebotomía, quelación del hierro
• Para algunas anemias sideroblásticas hereditarias: posible trasplante alogénico de células madre hematopoyéticas

Relevancia Clínica

• Intoxicación por plomo: el plomo inhibe la ferroquelatasa y la ácido aminolevulínico deshidratasa (enzimas de la vía de síntesis del hemo), lo que provoca una disminución de la síntesis del hemo. Las características incluyen síntomas gastrointestinales y manifestaciones neurológicas. Los LOS Neisseria hallazgos de laboratorio incluyen anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types, punteado eritrocitario basófilo en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum el frotis periférico y sideroblastos en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum anillo en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum la médula ósea. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante la medición del nivel de plomo.
• Síndrome mielodisplásico: grupo de trastornos malignos de las células madre mieloides que se caracterizan por una producción displásica e ineficaz de células de la línea mieloide de la médula ósea y un mayor riesgo de transformación en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum leucemia aguda. El síndrome mielodisplásico suele presentarse en EN Erythema nodosum is an immune-mediated panniculitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous fat) caused by a type IV (delayed-type) hypersensitivity reaction. It commonly manifests in young women as tender, erythematous nodules on the shins. Erythema Nodosum pacientes de edad avanzada, mayores de 60 años. Se manifiesta como trombocitopenia, anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types y neutropenia Neutropenia Neutrophils are an important component of the immune system and play a significant role in the eradication of infections. Low numbers of circulating neutrophils, referred to as neutropenia, predispose the body to recurrent infections or sepsis, though patients can also be asymptomatic. Neutropenia con granulocitos disfuncionales, a pesar de una médula ósea hipercelular.
• Déficit de vitamina B₆: causada por medicamentos que inactivan la piridoxina (e.g., isoniazida), desnutrición proteico-energética, malabsorción, alcoholismo o pérdida excesiva debida a la hemodiálisis. Su déficit puede causar neuropatía periférica, convulsiones, dermatitis Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) seborreica, glositis, queilosis y anemia Anemia Anemia is a condition in which individuals have low Hb levels, which can arise from various causes. Anemia is accompanied by a reduced number of RBCs and may manifest with fatigue, shortness of breath, pallor, and weakness. Subtypes are classified by the size of RBCs, chronicity, and etiology. Anemia: Overview and Types sideroblástica.