00:00 Let's move on to a different category. 00:02 This is the category use to treat influenza. 00:06 Now anti influenza agents who work on several areas but the one that we talk about most is the decloaking of the influenza A virus. 00:17 Now amantadine is a prototypical drug and it blocks the uncoating of the virus. 00:23 It binds to a proton channel to prevent acidification of the virus core. 00:28 Now without acidification of the virus core you can't activate your RNA transcriptase. 00:34 So that viruses is essentially rendered inside the cell. 00:37 Now it doesn't effect the influenza B virus. 00:41 It tends to seem to only effect influenza A. 00:44 Note that amantadine is also an antiparkinsonian medication. 00:50 So we did talk about amantadine in our Parkinson's lecture. 00:54 Rimantadine does not require dosage adjustment in renal failure. 00:59 So it's a convenient agent as well that's part of the armaterium. 01:03 In terms of the toxicity of these two agents, mostly it involves GI irritation. 01:08 But sometimes you can get some strange neurological phenomenon too like slurred speech, dizziness and ataxia. 01:15 Is that due to the parkinsonian activity of the drug? We're not too sure. 01:20 The next agent I want to talk to you about in terms of influenza treatment is zanamivir. 01:25 These are neuraminidase inhibitors. 01:30 They act by cleaving sialic acid residues. 01:33 Now they prevent clumping of newly released virions. 01:37 So normally when viruses are being released or virions are being released, they clump together and we don't want that to happen. 01:46 Now these agents are inhibiting the neuraminidase. 01:50 So what happens is that the viruses aren't able to spread out. 01:55 Now these are active against both influenza A and influenza B. 01:59 And they're actually also each H1N1 influ. 02:03 If you remember that made some headlines a few years ago. 02:06 It's also active against H3N2 influenza virus as well. 02:12 Worldwide resistance is actually quite rare. 02:16 And we think that the worldwide resistance that does develop is due to mutations of the neuraminidases.
The lecture Influenza Treatment – Antiviral Drugs by Pravin Shukle, MD is from the course Antimicrobial Pharmacology. It contains the following chapters:
Which is inhibited by zanamivir?
Which agent does not require dose adjustment in renal failure?
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