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Isotonic, Hypotonic and Hypertonic Disorders

by Carlo Raj, MD

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      Slides Dehydration IntegratedRenalPathology.pdf
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    About the Lecture

    The lecture Isotonic, Hypotonic and Hypertonic Disorders by Carlo Raj, MD is from the course Fluid and Electrolyte Balance.


    Included Quiz Questions

    1. The amount of Na⁺ in the vascular compartment divided by total body water
    2. The amount of Na⁺ in a liter of serum/plasma in the vascular compartment
    3. None are equivalent
    4. All are equivalent
    5. Total body sodium divided by total body water
    1. Decreased heart rate
    2. Decreased skin turgor
    3. Positive tilt table test
    4. Decreased blood pressure
    5. Dry mucous membranes
    1. Increased total body sodium content
    2. Increased levels of nutrition
    3. Increased free water excretion
    4. Increased sodium excretion
    5. Increased albumin production
    1. Sodium moves across capillary membranes into the interstitial fluid
    2. Intracellular fluid volume increases
    3. There is a decrease in plasma volume
    4. There is a decrease in hydrostatic pressure in the capillary
    1. Skin tenting when the skin is pinched
    2. Negative tilt test
    3. Reflex bradycardia
    4. Wet mucous membranes
    5. Hypertension
    1. Increased plasma hydrostatic pressure
    2. Decreased plasma hydrostatic pressure
    3. Decreased weight of the patient
    4. Non-pitting edema
    5. Decreased plasma volume
    1. Excess of sodium-containing fluid in the interstitial space
    2. Excess of protein content in edema fluid
    3. Lack of sodium-containing fluid in the interstitial space
    4. Increased sodium excretion
    5. Excess of sodium-containing fluid in the intracellular space
    1. Increased plasma hydrostatic pressure
    2. Increased plasma oncotic pressure
    3. Decreased plasma hydrostatic pressure
    4. Decreased total body sodium
    5. Increased albumin production

    Author of lecture Isotonic, Hypotonic and Hypertonic Disorders

     Carlo Raj, MD

    Carlo Raj, MD


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