Chronic venous disease is a spectrum of disorders characterized by venous dilation and/or abnormal vein function in the lower extremities resulting from venous hypertension. "Chronic venous insufficiency" refers to the more severe forms of chronic venous disease. Skin changes typically distinguish chronic venous insufficiency from milder forms of venous disease (like varicose veins) and include skin pigmentation, stasis dermatitis, lipodermatosclerosis, and eventually, the development of ulcers. Diagnosis is usually based on physical exam findings alone, although venous duplex ultrasonography can provide additional information about the etiology, location, and extent of disease. The mainstay of management is compression therapy. A variety of surgical options also exist for symptomatic patients, including ablation, sclerotherapy, and valve repair. Venous ulcers are common as the disease progresses and are often very difficult to treat.