Testicular Cancer

00:01 Our topic here is testicular neoplasias and prostate pathology.

00:05 Let's begin.

00:06 We'll begin our discussion on testicular tumors with the most common family of testicular tumors being germ cell tumors.

00:14 What I'd like for you to do do is also keep in parallel your learning of ovarian tumors.

00:20 In that way, you can then see the two families that are involved in both set of tumors.

00:25 The most common ovarian family tumors will be surfaced-derived, not germ cell tumors.

00:31 Here, when you're taking a look at a male with testicular tumor, the germ cell tumors account for 95% of all testicular tumors.

00:40 This is where your focus should be.

00:42 Next, you'll take your germ cell tumors and then you'll divide into the following.

00:47 Specifically seminoma or seminomatous versus non-seminomatous.

00:52 And by non-seminomatous, we might be referring to yolk sac tumors, choriocarcinoma, embryonal sac, clear? Oftentimes, your testicular tumors will be mixed.

01:05 So you might have a germ-cell tumor such as a seminoma, mixed with perhaps embryonal type of tumor.

01:11 We'll take a look at mixed coming up shortly.

01:14 And before we move on, keep in mind once again the most common family of ovarian tumors would be? Good.

01:21 We have our surface-derived.

01:24 Now germ cell tumors in a male, painless mass most commonly.

01:28 And occurs usually in young men with peaking in their 20s, so really young.

01:34 Next, as I told you earlier with germ cell tumors, we'll divide this into seminoma and non- seminomatous.

01:40 And with seminomas, they like to spread lymphatically first, then hematogenous.

01:48 Versus non-seminomatous including your choriocarcinoma, maybe your embryonal sac and yolk sac and such.

01:55 Well, those like to spread hematogenous.

01:58 Something else you want to keep in mind, this is a testicular tumor.

02:02 Testicular tumors like to spread lymphatically, or seminomas specifically, like to spread lymphatically to the para-aortic whereas we had looked your penile cancers and penile cancers therefore like to spread more to the inguinal lymph nodes.

02:19 Those are important features that you want to pay attention to in this paragraph.

02:25 Tumor markers are present for germ cell tumors and we'll talk more about this.

02:30 For example, you've heard of alpha fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin and company.