Muscles of the Gluteal Region (Nursing)

00:01 Now we can move on to what muscles are creating these movements.

00:06 Now the first thing we're going to talk about are some things we actually introduced a long time ago when we were talking about the core when we were talking about the back.

00:14 That's going to be some prominent hip flexors.

00:18 So here we have a large muscle attaching to the lumbar vertebra called the psoas major.

00:23 And another one sitting right in that depression of the iliac bone the ilium called the iliacus.

00:30 And together there tend to be called the Iliopsoas because it kind of act as one muscle.

00:37 And because they crossed the hip joint, they have an action at the hip joint and that action is hip flexion.

00:43 So if we turn around to a lateral point of view, this is where we're going to find our hip abductors.

00:50 Here we have a muscle with a funny name the tensor fascia latae.

00:56 And tensor might give you an idea it's tensing something, and what does fascia latae mean? Well, it's this long flat band called the Iliotibial band.

01:06 And that's why it gets its name because it has this unusually broad and flat connection that gets its own name iliotibial band.

01:16 And that tells you a little bit about where it's going because we saw ilio what that's referring to.

01:22 We haven't seen yet but we know that the tibia is something that must be further down, and it's going to be out in the leg, it's a bone called the tibia.

01:33 If we zoom in a little bit closer, though, we're going to see some other ones in the lateral compartment that do quite a bit more.

01:41 They also are going to do hip extension, as well as hip abduction and rotation.

01:46 So they're doing a lot and these are some big muscles here.

01:49 These are our gluteal muscles or glutes.

01:53 The first and largest is the gluteus maximus.

01:58 Next in size is the gluteus medius.

02:01 And then the smallest one is going to be gluteus minimus.

02:07 Now we'll rotate around to a posterior view and see the external rotators or lateral rotators.

02:15 They're all lined up in a row in parallel to give you an idea that they're all kind of doing the same thing.

02:21 The first is the piriformis.

02:23 Then we have the superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus, which looks a lot like superior gemellus because it comes from the word for twin like Gemini.

02:37 Quadratus femoris, quadratus referring to its rectangular shape.

02:43 And they're great because they are external rotators and that's a great motion to have.

02:48 But they're also useful because there's some sacral nerves giving off important branches in this vicinity as well.

02:56 So we see that there's something called the Pudendal nerve that's going off and supplying the area known as the perineum.

03:03 Then we have the superior gluteal nerve, which is taking care of our gluteus medius and minimus.

03:10 Then are inferior gluteal nerve that's taking care of our gluteus maximus.

03:16 Then we have a self explanatory nerve, the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh.

03:21 So that's going to provide our skin sensation in the posterior thigh.

03:27 Which by the way, it's the same thing when we talked about arm and forearm, our lower limb has two components.

03:33 It has a thigh from the hip to the knee, and then a leg from the knee down to the foot.

03:40 So you're probably used to saying leg meaning everything below the hip.

03:43 But for right now we're sticking with the anatomic terms of thigh and then beyond the knee is where we have the leg.

03:52 Finally, we have this really big nerve that's going to go on all the way down for the rest of the lower limb called the sciatic nerve.

04:00 And it's going to take care of most of the external rotators and most of our posterior thigh muscles.