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Mpox (Monkeypox): Prevention and Treatment
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Slides Mpox-Monkeypox-Prevention-and-Treatment.pdf
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00:00 For the prevention of MPOX and its treatment for the prevention we have now the two vaccines, the JYNNEOS that is a life non-replicating vaccine produced from the MVA-BN strain. 00:27 This vaccine has been approved by FDA but is not commercially available. 00:39 And for that, we need two subcutaneous doses. The second vaccine is the LC16M8. It is a live, minimally replicating vaccinia virus. 00:57 Licensed in Japan for smallpox and MPOX prevention. 01:03 They need only a single dose with bifurcated needle. But the key challenges for vaccination is difficult access to vaccine. 01:18 For my country, the insecurity due to armed conflict in some affected provinces, like in the eastern part of the country. Also, we have logistics problem, the means of vaccine transport. 01:38 Also, the cold chain for storing of this vaccine for the treatment. 01:47 Tecovirimat. It is a product that was licensed for m-pox treatment in the US and UK, and this medicine was used to treat patients during the clade IIb multi-country outbreak in 2022. In my institute, we conducted a double blind clinical trial of tecovirimat in patients infected with clade I MPOX virus from October 7th 22, through July 24th. 02:38 So, double blind study of 597 MPOX patients randomized to receive tecovirimat or placebo. 02:51 While both drug safety and equal mortality rates 1. 03:01 7% were demonstrated, the study revealed that comprehensive hospital care, rather than the drug itself, was likely responsible for improved survival compared to the national rate of 4.6%. 03:26 This highlights the critical role, the critical role of supportive care in treating MPOX patients. Additional studies, including STOMP study in clade IIb patients, reached the same conclusion that the government is not effective as an MPOX treatment.
About the Lecture
The lecture Mpox (Monkeypox): Prevention and Treatment by Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum, MD, PhD is from the course Mpox (Monkeypox): Insights and Challenges.
Included Quiz Questions
Which statement correctly describes the vaccines available for mpox prevention?
- Jynneos is a live, non-replicating vaccine requiring two subcutaneous doses, while LC16m8 is a minimally replicating vaccinia virus vaccine administered as a single dose with a bifurcated needle
- Both Jynneos and LC16m8 require two doses administered 28 days apart for full protection
- Jynneos is administered as a single intradermal dose, while LC16m8 requires two intramuscular injections
- LC16m8 is the only FDA-approved vaccine for mpox, while Jynneos is still in clinical trials
- Both vaccines require cold chain storage, but neither is commercially available globally
What did the double-blind clinical trial of tecovirimat in 597 patients infected with clade I mpox virus reveal about treatment effectiveness?
- Comprehensive hospital care, rather than tecovirimat itself, was likely responsible for improved survival compared to national mortality rates
- Tecovirimat significantly reduced mortality rates compared to placebo by more than 50%
- Tecovirimat shortened the duration of symptoms but had no effect on mortality rates
- Tecovirimat was effective against clade I but not against clade II mpox infections
- The trial was inconclusive due to high dropout rates and poor adherence to the treatment protocol
Author of lecture Mpox (Monkeypox): Prevention and Treatment
Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum, MD, PhD
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