00:00
Hi! Welcome to one of our videos
on respiratory medications.
00:05
In this video, we're gonna talk
about the kind of medications
that treat one of the two
problems with asthma.
00:11
We're gonna drill down and
look up bronchoconstriction.
00:15
Medications that treat bronchoconstriction
go after the beta-2 receptors.
00:20
So the beta-2 receptor's job, they're located on
your lungs and their job is to bronchodilate.
00:26
So when I put an agonist unto a beta-2
receptor, that's what I'm gonna get.
00:31
It mimics what happens in your sympathetic
nevous system when it's stimulated.
00:35
Now the side effects of beta-2 can be really
tough for your patients to deal with.
00:40
They have that tachycardia,
that super fast heart rate.
00:44
And then they have chest pain
and can have chest pain,
now not everyone has it but
they can have some tremors.
00:49
So let me back that up and
talk to you about it.
00:52
Sympathetic nervous system is your
body's response when it realizes
it needs... it just gotta have to do something
that causes them to exert themselves.
01:00
So if I'm going to exert myself, I need
more oxygen, that's why I bronchodilate.
01:06
In a patient with asthma or COPD,
when they need to bronchodilate,
if we stimulate those same receptors, the
beta-2s from the sympathetic nervous system,
we're gonna get them more air, more ability
to breathe and that's why we use them.
01:21
Because those receptors are located on the bronchial
smooth muscle and also on the uterine muscle,
now we're not gonna focus in the uterus because
that's not part with this video series.
01:32
But for this case, we're looking
at the beta-2 receptors
on the bronchial smooth
muscles of your lungs.
01:38
When that smooth muscle relaxes, the lungs
bronchodilate and the airways become larger
so you are gonna able to
get air in more easily.
01:46
Now the uterine reaction, we'll talk about that
relaxation, we'll talk about that in another video.
01:52
But for now, we're gonna focus
on the role of beta-2 receptors
and how they work in the
lungs to help bronchodilate.
02:00
Okay, we've got a great picture there
for you of that bronchoconstriction.
02:06
You can see that it's really
clamping down on the airway.
02:09
That's part of that
smooth muscle reaction.
02:11
So first of all,
emergency medication rescue inhalers.
02:14
You need to recognize these
names: Albuterol and Levalbuterol.
02:18
These are medications that are called
short acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist.
02:23
Why? because they kick in
really quickly.
02:26
And I don't know about you
but if I can't breathe,
I don't wanna wait around for
me to be able to breathe again.
02:32
I want it to kick in really quick.
02:34
These are life saving
or rescue medications.
02:38
So make sure you star those,
encircle those and you commit that to memory
that these are examples of
Short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist
that we would use in an emergency.
02:49
So when I can't breathe, give me a medication
that mimics the agonist in my body
that hit those beta-2 receptors
and cause bronchodilation.
02:58
Now, I can also inhale long acting and
that's why they get their name LABAs
Long-acting Beta-2 Agonist
Now I've listed the names for you there and
you'll notice that they also end in -EROL.
03:11
Now we'll keep hitting these
concepts over and over again,
these respiratory medication videos
because they are critically important.
03:19
So we use these 2 groups SABAs and LABAs to
help us relieve that bronchoconstriction
by bronchodilating for the patient, but I
only use SABAs for a rescue inhaler,
when the patient's really in need.
03:33
Now on this slide you see that sometimes we use
combination drugs and those can also be helpful.
03:38
Here we've got a beta agonist and we've
combined it with another medication
that will help with bronchoconstriction.
03:44
Methylxanthines used
to be used a lot
but not used as much anymore like
Theophylline or Aminophylline.
03:50
They really can be
rough on your patient,
they have side effects where they
really are shaky and tremors.
03:55
And also we have to monitor lab values,
their blood levels with this medication.
04:00
So if we can avoid it, this is predominantly
not the main drug that we prescribe anymore