Lymphadenopathy: Burkitt Lymphoma – White Blood Cell Pathology

00:01 Another type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma brings us to Burkitt.

00:06 The Burkitt lymphoma, here, you have endemic or non-endemic type.

00:11 The endemic type would be of the African, non-endemic type is then called the sporadic.

00:17 And associated with latent EBV more so with endemic.

00:23 Here, the translocation will be 8;14 and the gene here will be C-myc.

00:28 The 14 again to you should mean immunoglobulin heavy chain.

00:33 These translocations lead to upregulation to C-myc in which there's going to be increased promotion of growth and division.

00:42 Now, with Burkitt lymphoma, the endemic type, this African boy that you probably have seen the picture of and I'll show you further, is almost always involving the mandible.

00:52 And if it's a sporadic type, you're thinking about either the abdominal or the pelvic region.

00:58 That will be the non-endemic type.

01:00 Histologic picture, once again, remember this is a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma affecting the lymph node and of B-cell origin.

01:09 Diffuse infiltrate of medium-sized cells.

01:13 You might have heard of the term starry sky appearance.

01:17 A large number of mitotic and apoptotic cells and scattered benign macrophages that you're seeing here then represents or create a picture of what's called starry sky.

01:28 By that we mean, that if you take a look at the overall picture here, in the middle, do you see the twinkling stars? Yeah.

01:37 That would be your scattered macrophages.

01:40 Clinically, Burkitt lymphoma, all forms occur at extranodal sites.

01:47 Remember, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma can commonly be involved with extranodal.

01:53 The different types and their demographics, endemic African, please observe the jaw and the mandible in this child who's suffering from Burkitt lymphoma.

02:06 Endemic. Non-endemic, known as sporadic.

02:11 Pelvic abdominal region and you can have non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with HIV association.

02:20 Here, very aggressive.

02:22 Remember with HIV status, it is important that you pay attention to your non-Hodgkin's lymphoma including your diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

02:31 Endemic and sporadic type, most common, frequently seen in children and young adults.

02:39 HIV can occur at any age as you can imagine and generally very aggressive, responds well with short-term and high-dose chemotherapy with management.