00:02
So now we're going to segue
into the different types
of synovial joints
that you have.
00:08
There are several different
subtypes of synovial joints.
00:13
The first type of joint
they will discuss
is the plane joint.
00:17
The plane joint can be found
in areas of the body
such as the wrist,
and a lot of those carpal bones.
00:24
This type of joint allows for
the movement of back and forth
as well as
side to side at the joint.
00:33
A second type of joint that
we find in synovial joints
is the hinge joint.
00:39
An example of the hinge joint
is going to be the elbow.
00:43
Unlike the plain joint
where it can move
back and forth
and side to side,
the hinge joint only allows
one direction of movement
that is flexion and extension.
00:57
The third type of joint
is the pivot joint.
01:00
In this joint we are able
to do rotation
or movement laterally
or medially.
01:07
A good example of this joint is the
atlantoaxial joint in the spine.
01:12
This allows us to shake our head
yes and no.
01:17
The fourth type of joint
is going to be a condyloid joint.
01:21
This joint is very similar
to a ball and socket joint
which we will discuss shortly,
except instead of a round shape,
it's more of an ovoid shape.
01:31
You can find an example of this
joint in the wrist.
01:35
This allows movement
both back and forth,
side to side,
as well as
circumduction.
01:43
The fifth type of joint
that we'll discuss today
is going to be the
saddle joint.
01:49
An example of this joint
can be found at the thumb.
01:53
This allows for both
back and forth
and side to side movement.
01:58
The final joint
that we will discuss today
is going to be
the ball and socket joint.
02:03
This joint allows full rotation
or full 360 degree movement
at the joint.
02:11
A good example of this joint
is the hip joint.
02:14
Another example of this
would be the shoulder joint.
02:19
There are several factors that
affect the range of motion
at the different types
of synovial joints.
02:24
First,
the structure and the shape
of the articulating bones
determine the
range of movement.
02:31
Secondly,
the strength and the tautness
of the joint ligaments
that hold the joint together
also can affect the range of motion.
02:41
Third,
the arrangement as well as the
tension of the muscles on the joint
can also affect.
02:49
Lastly,
contact of soft parts,
hormones,
as well as
disuse or overuse
can have an effect
on the range of motion
at the synovial joints.