00:01
There are certain risk factors
that go along with preeclampsia.
00:04
Family history.
00:05
So especially the history of
a sister, or a mother
that may have had preeclampsia,
that's going to be a very
strong indicator of a risk,
for preeclampsia.
00:16
First pregnancy:
Genetic predisposition
Having more than one fetus
or multifetal pregnancy.
00:24
I want to talk about
this one for just a second.
00:26
What in the world
does that have to do
with increasing your risk
of preeclampsia?
Well, what we understand
about preeclampsia
is that there's something
that's going on in the placenta.
00:35
Well, if you have
more than one fetus,
you probably have
a lot of placental tissue.
00:40
So anything that increases or
creates irregular placental tissue
is going to increase your risk
for preeclampsia.
00:48
Maternal age.
Being over the age of 35.
00:51
Now, it's not just
being over the age of 35
is an arbitrary number.
00:56
But the chances of having
other complications
or having hypertension in general
increases as we age.
01:01
So that also increases
the chances of preeclampsia.
01:05
And in vitro fertilization.
01:07
And the reason why
in vitro fertilization
falls under this categories
because anytime you've had to have
assistance getting pregnant,
it might be related
either to
abnormalities in the
reproductive system,
or it may be age related.
01:21
Both factors may
increase your chances
of having complications.
01:25
Pre-existing
hypertensive disorder.
01:28
So if you've had
hypertension before,
you have an increased risk
of developing preeclampsia.
01:33
Diabetes.
01:34
Because diabetes can cause an
abnormal placental development,
which increases your chances
of preeclampsia.
01:41
Chronic kidney disease,
obesity,
having a hydatidiform mole.
01:46
So a hydatidiform mole or
gestational trophoblastic disease,
those terms can be used
interchangeably.
01:53
It creates an abnormal placenta
and a lot of placenta.
01:57
So remember,
anytime you have an
abnormal placenta for any reason,
the chances of preeclampsia
goes up.
02:04
And finally Trisomy 13.
And that's within the fetus.
02:08
Because if you have an
abnormal genetic makeup,
the possibility of having an
abnormal placental makeup
is also very high.
02:17
Now there are risk factors
that increase your chances
of preeclampsia.
02:20
But there are also some things
that are interestingly protective.
02:23
So unlike chronic hypertension,
maternal smoking,
which when we think of smoking,
we think,
"Gee, that doesn't sound like that
would protect you from anything."
But what we actually have found
is that clients who smoke,
assuming they don't have
chronic hypertension
are actually less likely
to develop preeclampsia.
02:40
The other protective factor
is what we call
prolonged sexual cohabitation.
02:45
What the heck does that mean?
Well, I'm going to tell you.
02:47
It means that you've had
the same sexual partner
over an extended
period of time.
02:51
So remember,
nulliparity is a risk.
02:54
So anytime
you have a new partner,
you have an increased risk
for preeclampsia.
02:59
If you're with the same partner
subsequent pregnancies
with that same person
will actually
decrease your risk.