00:01
Welcome!
In this lecture we
will be discussing
the physiology of the
female reproductive system.
00:10
So before we talk specifically
about the female
reproductive physiology,
recall that gamete formation
in the female
reproductive system
is going to involve the
formation of haploid cells.
00:25
So in our body,
most of our body
cells or somatic cells
have 46 chromosomes.
00:33
We have two sets of 23
pairs of chromosomes.
00:37
Where one is the
maternal chromosome
and the other is the
paternal chromosome.
00:43
Together we call this
pair of homologous pairs
or homologous chromosomes.
00:50
46 is referred to as are
diploid chromosomal number
and sometimes is going
to be annotated as 2N.
01:01
In our gametes cells
we only have 23
or half the number
of chromosomes.
01:07
This is are haploid
chromosome number or n.
01:12
This is because only one
member of the homologous pairs
are going to find themselves
in these gametes cells.
01:20
So formation of
these haploid cells
requires a process
known as meiosis.
01:27
Let's do a quick recap
of mitosis and meiosis.
01:31
So in mitosis,
we're going to start
with our 46 chromosomes
and which all 46 will line up
along the midline of the
cell during metaphase.
01:43
At the end of mitosis,
we will end up with
two daughter cells
that are diploid and
genetically identical
to the mother cell.
01:53
In meiosis, however,
we're going to have
two cell divisions.
01:58
In the first cell division,
we're going to separate the
homologous pairs from each other
and in the second cell division,
we're going to separate
the sister chromatids.
02:10
At the end of meiosis,
we end up with
four daughter cells
that each contain one
of those chromosomes
in the homologous pair.