00:01
Okay. Sometimes, when I look at a chart
like this, it gets a little overwhelming.
00:05
So let me give you some tips.
00:07
Just start from the left and work your
way over. Let's look at that first column,
talking about red blood cell, hemoglobin,
and hematocrit. Okay, cool.
00:15
We know those, right? We're
familiar with those already.
00:19
Now I've got a red bar over there
that says we actually measure these,
and that's an important note we'll talk
about in reference to the next slide.
00:26
But for now, know that we can measure
the red blood cell, the hemoglobin,
and the hematocrit.
00:31
Next column; Blood, Blood and Blood.
00:34
Right. That tells us where our sample is.
00:36
It's always important to know where
your sample's coming from.
00:40
So we've got red blood cells,
it's in the blood.
00:43
The value is 4.89.
00:46
Now there's something different in this
one as compared to white blood cells.
00:50
Remember, white blood cells
we talked about being 5-10,
but that really represented 5,000-10,000.
00:56
When you see 4.89 here, that's not 4,000,
that is 106, so that's 4,890,000 units.
01:08
Now still, healthcare professionals
will report that as 4.89.
01:12
I just wanted you to know this is different
than white cells. It's not thousand.
01:16
It's the millions of units there.
01:18
It's 106.
01:21
So the normal reference is 4-6.10.
01:24
So we have a value of 4.89.
01:27
Normal is 4-6.10. We're right on target.
01:31
Let's look at the next value. Hemoglobin.
01:34
All right? This is going to tell us about
the oxygen-carrying capacity.
01:38
This is where you have 2 values
to be familiar with.
01:41
It's different whether you're
a male or a female.
01:44
Males have a higher hemoglobin range.
01:47
So they're 14-17.
01:49
Females are 12-15 for this particular lab.
01:53
So if we look at this, you'll notice we picked
a value that was right in the middle.
01:57
So we don't need to know for sure
if this is male or female.
01:59
We know that this is still normal,
whether the patient is male or female.
02:04
Hematocrit is that percentage, right?
The hematocrit is 45.2.
02:09
Now looking over to the right, again,
we picked a number that was normal,
whether they were male or female.
02:15
But when you see test questions
or real patients,
you'll need to know their
gender to make sure
that their H&H is within the normal reference
range for their gender; male or female.
02:26
Now, I know we've talked about this before,
but I want to keep reminding you.
02:30
I know that you have different
textbook in nursing school
and so the ranges are different in
whatever textbook you're looking at,
but the same thing happens in real practice.
02:38
Every lab may have a little bit different
normal reference range.
02:43
The cool part, their normal reference
for that particular lab
will be listed right on your lab results.
02:49
So pay attention to that lab's normal
references and you'll be fine.
02:53
And unlike nursing school, when you
get tested on the normal ranges,
when you're in real practice, every
lab posts their normal ranges
right next to your lab results.
03:03
Rock on. So that's awesome.
03:05
One less thing for you to memorize,
but you'll know the general ranges.
03:09
Now, you'll see looking at this chart,
looks pretty familiar,
but now you see the blue bar
that says "calculated."
These are the values I talked about
that you probably kind of looked at,
but didn't really know what to do
with them. That's okay.
03:24
I'm going to lay it out for you, so
you'll be able to look at these
and understand where they're coming from.
03:29
Okay, so MCV. These are all
from the blood, right?
A value of 92. That's within normal range.
03:36
When you look at each one of these values,
you checked and reference it
with a normal reference range.
03:41
MCH is 30.2.
03:44
Look at the normal reference range.
You got it, 27-32. This is normal.
03:50
MCHC, 32.6.
03:53
Looks like it might be a little low, but it's
still within the normal reference range.
03:58
Now we're looking at the RDW CV, 11.5 is still
spot on for that percentage to be
within the normal reference range.
04:07
Now, how useful was this going through this?
If you don't know what MCV is or
MCH or MC -- it's just letters.
04:15
Don't worry. This is just an example
to introduce you to those
and I wanted you to have the reference,
so you know that these are calculated.
04:22
The previous slide we talked about,
red blood cells and hemoglobin and
hematocrit that are actually measured,
these are drawn from calculations.
04:30
Now you'll never have to do the calculations
because lab will do them for you.
04:34
But we'll break those down
just a little bit later.