00:00
Now, let’s take a look at something
called Deviance.
00:04
This is when you’re actually going
against some of these norms.
00:08
So, it’s described as a behavior that violates
social norms, either formal or informal.
00:13
So, if it’s an informal norm,
and you’re going against that,
it does not mean that you’re breaking a law,
and it doesn’t mean that you’re a social deviant.
00:23
You may have heard that term before.
00:25
So there’s a range in terms of
severity of deviance.
00:28
So things like jaywalking or not opening that door
for that old lady going in to the store,
you’re deviating from this informal social norm
but it does not make you a social deviant. Okay?
Versus something more formal where
perhaps you’ve committed a murder.
00:45
You’re definitely breaking a
social norm, a formal norm
and in that point the level of
deviance would be much higher.
00:53
Now, before complicating this
motto would be social context.
00:57
Now, I have an image here that
you can see and we have a couple of our
good Canadian boys playing some hockey.
01:03
and in hockey, it’s okay to
take a stick and slash a player
and punch him in the face until he loses some teeth.
01:11
But if you’re at a parking lot and
somebody’s steals your parking spot
and you go and pull out a stick
and hit that person in the face,
knocked out a couple of teeth,
it’s a little bit different.
01:21
In the hockey arena, you get a standing ovation
and you’re considered a legend
and in a parking lot, you’re considered
a deviant and you might be going to jail.
01:29
So, the two situations there,
the difference is the social context.
01:33
One is in a sporting arena and
one is a shopping mall parking lot.
01:37
One it’s okay to get into
a fight and break a norm
versus a parking lot where you
really shouldn’t be doing that.
01:46
Now, let’s look at Differential Association.
01:50
So, how do you learn some of this deviant behavior?
So deviance learned, this behavior,
when they’re around other individuals.
01:59
So we say that deviance learned, deviant behavior
and it is not inherently part of one’s nature.
02:03
So, think of our young generation,
and if you remove the fact that they don’t know
anything about say smoking or drinking.
02:13
But they’re in this environment.
02:14
and one of their peers at school
perhaps one of the older kids is smoking.
02:20
The young children will see that
and learn this deviant behavior
not because it’s something that they feel is
within their normal behavior and what they wanna do
is they’re seeing it so they are
learning that deviant behavior.
02:32
And as a result, they end up
partaking in that deviant behavior.
02:37
So, they are exposed to that who are engaging like
deviant behavior therefore they pick it up.
02:43
So that’s different than saying something
that it’s a little bit more innate
where we have these individuals who are
social deviant and might have murder within them.
02:53
So, they might commit serial murders.
02:56
And this isn’t something that they’re
necessarily learning from looking around them,
this is something that they might have
innately within them.
03:02
So, two differences there.
03:06
Now what are two theories in terms
of understanding deviance:
One is Labeling Theory
and what we’re saying here is that
this motto suggest, this theory suggest that
the deviance is caused by that individual being
labeled as a deviant or that deviant behavior.
03:21
They internalize that and then act upon it.
03:24
So, again, let’s think of a youngster
and the reason I keep going back
to a young child is because a lot of times,
their behavior is still being shaped;
which is why it’s really really important to be
cognizant about how you interact with these young people.
03:39
So, think of a kid at school and that kid
is labeled as being a bully.
03:46
This kid always pushes all the other kids
around and why wouldn’t he look at him
and look at the way he’s dressed and he’s always
hanging around those other kids that cause trouble.
03:54
All of a sudden, he gets labeled
as “that kid”, “that bully”.
03:58
And maybe he’s actually not a bully and once,
just that one time when somebody stole his sandwich,
he decided to push back and say,
“No. that’s my sandwich.”
And all the people remember was
the fact that he pushed another child.
04:10
Now, he’s been labeled as a bully.
04:12
Now, because he’s been labeled as a bully,
he starts to believe that maybe I am a bully.
04:17
and now he starts to actually conform to that
label which has been given to him
and now he starts bullying more and more
‘coz he’s thinking that’s how I’ve been labeled.
04:25
Now another side of things is the Strain Theory.
04:30
And here, what happens is
we suggest that the deviances
caused by the disparity of social goals
and legitimate means by which to achieve them.
04:37
So in English, what I’m saying is that
society says you need to, get a great job
and you should be able to afford a car
and have a nice place by the time you’re 21.
04:50
These are some goals that have been set
by society, other realistic, maybe not.
04:55
But to some people who achieved
those goals, yes.
04:58
To some people not achieved
those goals, of course.
05:00
So those who don’t achieve,
they might start to deviate.
05:03
Say, how am I gonna come up with
enough money to get a car?
Well, I don’t have enough money to get a car.
So now, I’m gonna have to find ways.
05:10
Well, maybe if I steal, I can sell those
stolen goods and make some extra money
that will allow me to get the money
that I need to buy a car.
05:19
And now, we’re saying as the
deviant or the deviant behavior
arises from the strain or stress on
an individual because of the goal
that they have in front of them and
the means by which to get to that goal.
05:30
So, perhaps they don’t have
the education that they need
or they aren’t doing as well
in school or they don’t have the time,
they don’t have the support to do well in school
and get a great job and so as a result,
they find ways to achieve that end
goal which is still have a nice car,
wear the nice clothes
and do all the right things.
05:47
But the reason they’re achieving
these behaviors because of that strain
that leads them to the deviant behavior.