00:01
In this one, I get to show you
the difference between osteopenia,
normal bone and osteoporosis.
00:07
But before we go there,
here's what I want you to do first.
00:11
I want you to really zero in
on what normal bone looks like.
00:15
Now take a look at that tissue.
00:16
See, we have your hip
bone over there, right?
We've got the femur head.
00:21
That's what we're going to
pretend we're just zooming in on.
00:24
So that's why you see the small circle
with a line to the bigger circle.
00:30
Now take a look at that tissue.
00:32
How would you describe it?
This is a close up version
of your bone tissue.
00:38
Normal bone,
we would say it's dense, right?
You see, kind of that spongy-like
look, but the holes are very small,
and an overall that tissue
looks pretty dense and strong.
00:49
Like it could support
the human body.
00:52
That's what normal
bone should look like.
00:56
Now I want you to move over
to osteoporosis, right.
00:59
Just skip osteopenia,
go right to osteoporosis.
01:04
Wow, look at that.
01:07
You could not call that
dense, right?
It kind of looks real lazy but
it sure doesn't look strong.
01:15
And this is why
osteoporosis is a problem.
01:19
Looking at the normal
bone, yes, we have holes,
but it's still pretty
dense and look strong,
they're smaller holes.
01:26
Look over at osteoporosis,
that is scary.
01:30
Think if that's what your bone looked
like that was supporting your body weight.
01:34
That's a scary deal.
01:36
So osteoporosis is what we're
trying to avoid and prevent.
01:40
How do we do that?
Identify it early.
01:43
Know who's at risk,
and osteopenia right in the middle.
01:47
Now take a look.
01:49
Compare it to osteoporosis,
it's not as bad as osteoporosis.
01:54
But now compare
it to normal bone.
01:57
Yeah, it's definitely not
as good as normal bone.
02:01
So this means this is
someone whose bones
are already a little weaker
than they used to be.
02:07
So we want to make sure
we recognize that early,
and we help the patient get
the appropriate treatment.
02:13
So when you recognize someone's
having risk factors for osteoporosis,
their DEXA scan shows that
they're in osteopenia,
then this is a client that
we need to closely monitor
and make the appropriate recommendations
for their health care treatment.
02:29
Now, this is the fun part.
02:30
I know, I'm a nerd, you're not going
to think this part is fun but I do.
02:35
Hey, the next gen
stuff that's coming.
02:37
This is going to be a time where you guys
get to really show how you're studying
and hard work in
nursing school pays off.
02:45
So this is kind of a big old
thing, right?
There's a lot there.
02:49
But when we're talking about through
these videos and through these concepts,
here's where it's going
to pay off for you.
02:55
See down there at the
bottom where it says,
recognize cues and analyse cues.
03:01
And the goal is to form a hypothesis
when you're making clinical judgments.
03:07
We got it for you here.
03:08
So let me show you how you can do
that with this particular topic.
03:13
I want you to recognize the type
of cues you should be looking for
and when you see them,
no, I need to start putting these
together or analysing these cues
so I can form a hypothesis,
an idea of what is difficult,
challenging or maybe wrong
or unsafe for this patient.
03:34
So let's look at a normal
vertebrae first, right?
Let's look at healthy bones.
03:38
Look at the normal vertebrae.
03:40
They have a normal curvature.
03:42
They look strong and firm,
as far as you can tell in this picture
and you have normal
bone structure.
03:48
Look at that femur looks nice and dense.
Excellent.
03:52
The cues I'm going to be looking for is
something that's different than normal.
03:56
That's why it's so important in nursing
school that you always know what normal is,
know what the healthy
bones or normal are,
then when you see something different
from that or abnormal, that tells you,
"Ah, these are cues I
should be recognizing
how can I think about
them and analyze
to identify what I think might
be wrong with the patient.
04:16
So I can collaborate with both the
patient and the healthcare provider
to get this patient the
best level of care."
So look at the healthy bones.
04:26
Now let's look at the
osteoporotic bones.
04:29
Look at the vertebrae.
04:30
Look at how the spine is now shaped,
that curve is more pronounced
and you know when it
gets really severe,
they're hunched over.
04:38
So bones with osteoporosis, you're
gonna see physical changes externally.
04:43
They may suffer
from a hip fracture.
04:45
Remember, they may break bones earlier,
they may complain of back pain or hip pain.
04:50
Those are all cues we want you
to look for with your patients
and on your exam questions just to be
aware of what you'll be looking for.
04:59
All right.
I showed you the model right?
Looks kind of intimidating but
don't be impressed by that.
05:06
I promise that model is just a
way of writing down how good,
excellent nurses think when
they interact with a patient.
05:15
So how do you take
this information
and make sure that you're
ready to be tested on it
and to prepare to perform
excellent patient care?
Well, we know what normal
is, we see what abnormal is.
05:27
So how could they use this abnormal
information to ask us a question?
Well, you may see in the stem,
they say you have an elderly client,
who has a family
history of osteoporosis
has been complaining of back
pain for the last four months.
05:44
Which of the following diagnosis
would you expect to see?
Which of the following exams would you
expect the health care provider to order?
You are presented
with an elderly client
who is complaining of
hip pain and back pain.
06:02
The client has been previously
diagnosed with osteoporosis,
which additional clinical
signs and symptoms
would be consistent with the
diagnosis of osteoporosis
and the list several symptoms and
see if you can pick those out.
06:17
So you getting it?
Yeah, when you're studying,
you make up your own questions.
06:22
Now I know that sometimes hard to do,
which is why we do it for you, right?
There's questions after
each one of these videos.
06:28
Stay on those, keep answering them
that's going to help you be a rock star
and prepare for those
cumulative exams in your courses
and the NCLEX.
06:39
Answering questions is the
magic of learning science.
06:43
You quizzing yourself
having to try to pull
the answer out of your
own brain is what works.
06:48
Don't look up the answers.
06:50
Don't look up your notes.
06:51
Try to answer those
questions first.
06:54
Guys,
highlighting doesn't cut it.
06:57
Right, that is not a guarantee
that you've learned something.
07:00
Writing out 1000 of your own
note cards that doesn't do it.
07:03
What you need to do is quiz
yourself, ask yourself questions,
use our resources and make
questions up on your own
quiz each other
in a study group.
07:13
But even if you don't have
a really good study group,
we'll be that study
group for you.
07:18
So good luck as you're
taking this information
to learn how to keep a patient
safe and do well on your exams.