Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (Nursing)

00:01 Let's focus on population wellness and levels of prevention at this time.

00:06 So if you take a look at this pyramid, notice there's primary, secondary, and then tertiary care.

00:13 This is really important because healthcare is shifting from just illness management, to really focusing on prevention, wellness, and the quality of life.

00:23 So if you take a look at the bottom of this pyramid, where we're talking about primary care, this is pivotal that we focus on this with our different populations.

00:33 And this is implemented before there's any evidence of disease.

00:39 This is oh so important, because this is going to help reduce the risk for diseases and prevent injury in our clients.

00:46 Now, next level of care is secondary care.

00:49 Now we're going to implement this is after the disease has been established, but hopefully we can provide this care so we don't have any more symptoms that start.

01:00 So early identification here is really important and can prevent things from getting worse.

01:06 And lastly, at the top of the pyramid, this is hopefully what we want to avoid with a primary and the secondary care, is a tertiary care.

01:15 ow this part is talking about is after a disease is established, and we're really here preventing bad things from getting worse.

01:24 Now, let's take a minute and apply these levels of care with our friend here, Enrique.

01:30 So if you take a look at this pyramid, and we're talking about treating Enrique with your primary care, this is really what we're talking about is prevention here if you recall.

01:40 This is where maybe the advanced practice nurse can do checkups, which include like a hemoglobin A1c, to track the patient's diabetes and their disease process.

01:51 And then here, maybe we can make adjustments to recommend healthier diet choices, or increasing activities so we don't establish any complications of the disease.

02:01 And here the key is prevention.

02:04 Now, if we move forward with secondary care, for Enrique this may include following up that visit with the Hemoglobin A1c, that's now actually high, meaning Enrique's diabetes is out of control.

02:18 Now, this is enough to diagnose him actually here with type II diabetes, and then we start treatments such as Metformin to help control those symptoms.

02:28 Now, last level of care is what we call tertiary care.

02:32 This is again, really what we want to prevent and this is where the disease is established.

02:37 So this could mean for Enrique that he was admitted to the hospital for blood sugar control, and otherwise known as HHNS - Long term hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome, which basically all this means, it's extremely high blood sugar that can be really dangerous for Enrique and this is where we've reached tertiary care.