Goodpasture Syndrome (Nursing)

00:01 Hi! Welcome to our video series on glomerulonephritis.

00:05 Now in this one we're going to take a look at goodpasture's syndrome or anti GBM antibody disease.

00:12 Now the reason it has two names because it was originally found by Dr. Good pasture.

00:17 That's why they named the syndrome after them.

00:19 But anti GBM antibody disease is actually a better descriptor.

00:24 So sorry, Dr. Good pasture, but here's what it looks like.

00:28 The NIH are National Institutive of Health also lists other names, look at this like rapidly Progressive glomerulonephritis with pulmonary hemorrhage.

00:38 That's what separates it from just rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.

00:42 There's the pulmonary hemorrhage.

00:44 It's also called the anti glomerular basement membrane antibody disease got it.

00:50 Anti GBM antibody disease.

00:53 So it always pass that make sure you look at that.

00:56 So anti means against glomerular basement membrane, so clearly this is against the glomerular basement membrane antibody disease.

01:08 Okay? That's why it's called anti GBM against glomerular basement membrane antibody disease, got it? I promised much more clear as we finish this video series.

01:21 The last one, it's also called glomerulonephritis and Pulmonary Hemorrhage.

01:27 All right, that is a lot of names for the same problem.

01:31 What ends up happening is we have both a pulmonary involvement with the Hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis in the kidneys.

01:38 So goodpasture's syndrome or as we know the antibody GBM antibody disease, right? Same thing.

01:47 Let's look at what it really does.

01:49 Now goodpasture's syndrome or that other name that we just talked about is a pulmonary renal syndrome meaning it involves the lungs and the kidneys, so it's considered a pulmonary renal syndrome because it hits both of those.

02:03 It does damage to both the kidneys and to the lungs.

02:07 So glomerulonephritis remember that's an inflammation of the glomeruli.

02:11 It happens in both kidneys.

02:13 Those glomeruli are those worker bees.

02:15 They're one of three important parts of the Nephron.

02:19 The nephron is the working unit of the kidney if I've got problems with my glomerulus, I've got big problems overall for my kidney.

02:27 So the kidney is having problems.

02:29 It's struggling because because of the inflammation of the glomeruli.

02:33 So it can be acute or it can be chronic and we're talking about all different types of glomerulonephritis.

02:39 And remember in this state, It's one of the major causes of end stage renal disease, Now that's we're talking about glomerulonephritis as a whole there's lots of different causes and why the kidneys get into trouble or develop glomerulonephritis.

02:55 So we're looking at goodpasture's syndrome in this one.

02:58 Remember it can be caused by infections, Because by autoimmune disease, vasculitis things that scar the glomeruli like diabetes or hypertension or those weird ones like amyloidosis that extra protein that lodges in the kidneys or illegal drug use.

03:14 So we're showing you this slide just to kind of see where this all fits in.

03:19 We're talking about a really different a special kind of pulmonary and renal involvement.

03:25 So this glomerulonephritis is an autoimmune disease, so it's called goodpasture's syndrome.

03:30 You've heard that name but I want you to recognize that you might see it in the literature by any of those names that we talked about.

03:37 Now it's pretty rare.

03:38 It is an autoimmune disease means the body turns on itself.

03:42 So the body makes these antibodies that attack the collagen of the basement membranes in the glomerulus.

03:49 The GBM the glomerulus basement membrane, So it hits them in the glomerulus and in the alveoli of your lungs.

03:58 Okay. Now this is where it gets really really interesting if it's not happening to your body, right but this is fascinating for it to study.

04:07 We know it doesn't happen very often.

04:09 It occurs in less than one in a million people and it usually hits young white males aged 15 to 35.

04:17 So that's who you're most likely to see develop this syndrome.

04:21 But we're thinking about the basement membranes in both of the lungs and the kidneys they start taking a hit and that's when things get really really crazy.

04:32 That's why the two most defining characteristics of goodpasture's syndrome are pulmonary alveolar Hemorrhage meaning those of you I end up bleeding and when they're bleeding in filling with fluid, they can't exchange CO2 and O2 well, so they're going to be difficult to manage there and they have acute rapid glomerulonephritis.

04:52 So that means the kidneys take a big hit and they take it in a really fast way.

04:57 So the syndrome can last for a few weeks to 2 years.

05:01 Can you imagine how that would impact your life? So it's rare.

05:07 It happens in less than one in a million people.

05:10 It's an autoimmune disease, most commonly affects young white men aged 15 to 35.

05:17 Now, you're start to think about goodpasture's syndrome you're thinking about it's a pulmonary problem and a renal problem and it goes after that basement membrane and it can last for two weeks which would be more than enough for anyone but up to two years you're gonna have to manage these symptoms.