Diabetes Type 1 and 2: Basic Differences (Nursing)

00:00 Hi, welcome to our video series on diabetes.

00:04 In this one, we're going to talk about what exactly are the differences between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes? So we're going to start with a quick review of what diabetes is.

00:14 It's a disorder of glucose metabolism.

00:17 So insulin production and or utilization is impaired.

00:21 Now hyperglycemia, that's an elevated blood sugar develops that requires treatment.

00:27 Now you see, we got an eyeball, kidneys, and the heart.

00:31 That's to remind you that this is a chronic disease that impacts multiple systems in the body.

00:37 So it hits the eyes, the kidneys, the cardiovascular system, and even the GI tract.

00:43 So what is the difference between type 1 and type 2? We know they both have elevated blood sugar.

00:49 I know, duh, you had that.

00:51 But type 1 diabetic patients just can't make their own insulin.

00:56 Specifically, their pancreas that beta cells in there pancreas can't make their own insulin.

01:03 So take a look at the pancreas, You see we got a big red X through the insulin.

01:08 That's to help your brain remember, type 1 diabetics can't make their own insulin.

01:14 Now let's move over to type 2 diabetics.

01:17 Take a look at that picture.

01:19 There's no red X.

01:20 Well, we've got a downward pointing arrow and insulin because it's a little different with type 2 diabetics.

01:26 Type 2 diabetic patients initially can still make their own insulin.

01:31 In fact sometimes, they make a lot of it but they can't use it efficiently so it doesn't control their blood sugar.

01:38 Type 1, they can't even make insulin, right? Their pancreas is checked out.

01:44 Either a virus or an autoimmune disease has taken out these beta cells in their pancreas.

01:49 Type 2, while they may be able to make insulin, they can't use it.

01:54 Eventually their pancreas is just going to talk her out and not make insulin at all either as the disease progresses.

02:01 So let's talk about the prevalence.

02:03 It's pretty fancy sounding word, isn't it? That's just means how common is this? Type 1 diabetics are 5% to 10% of all the diabetic patients that you'll see.

02:14 Whoa, do the math.

02:16 If type 1 is only 5% to 10% of the diabetic patients we see, that means 90% to 95% of the diabetic clients that we see are type 2.

02:29 So the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is significantly higher than type one.

02:35 What's the good news? We got a chance of fixing and addressing type 2.

02:40 Type 1, the pancreas is gone.

02:42 Type 2 we might have a fighting chance of slowing down that progression if we as nurses can help patients take manageable steps toward health.