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Autonomic functions such as heart rate and the force of ventricular contraction,
blood pressure, and blood vessel diameter are controlled by autonomic reflexes.
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These occur when nerve impulses pass through an autonomic reflex arc.
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The reflex arc is going to be composed of several different structures.
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First, the receptor such as the baroreceptors on the blood vessels
are going to receive a certain signal or stimuli.
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The baroreceptors send information or receive information about the stretch of a blood vessel.
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The second component of the reflex arc is the sensory neuron.
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This neuron will send sensory information from the viscera to the central nervous system.
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The third part of the autonomic reflex arc is going to be located
in the lateral horn of the gray matter of the spinal cord.
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This is the integrating center.
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This is the portion where the decision-making process will happen.
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After the decision is made, a motor neuron will take that decision
and output that information toward the effector.
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And then finally, the effector or the visceral organ
is going to receive the instructions and act accordingly.
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Recall, feedback loops are an example of a reflex arc.