00:01
So, let's wrap up these 3 medications
in a nutshell.
00:05
Aminoglycosides.
00:07
When you look at that word, remind yourself
that the A looks like a peak,
and then you've got that M,
and we have to draw some special
lab work for aminoglycosides
that are a peak and trough.
00:19
The peak is 30 minutes after IM, or
you finish giving the IV dose.
00:24
The trough is drawn in 1 of 2 ways.
00:27
If the medication is given QD,
or every day, qDay,
you give it 1 hour before. If
it's given twice a day,
or BID, you gave it just before the next
dose, is when you'll draw the trough.
00:40
Also, ears and kidneys are
at risk for damage.
00:44
Ears, irreversible damage, and kidneys,
probably reversible, so we want
to keep them well hydrated
while they take that medication.
00:53
So, remember, the A is a peak,
the M is like a trough.
00:56
We have that special lab work that
we draw for aminoglycosides.
00:59
Peak and trough, and it is
ototoxic and nephrotoxic.
01:05
Now, let's go into the sulfanomides. I
want you to remember the letters S,
U, and L.
01:11
That should be easy because
they're right there
at the beginning of sulfanomides, right?
The S will remind you about the possibility
of Stephens-Johnson syndrome.
Remember, it's rare,
but it's a really serious disorder of the
skin and the mucous membranes
and it can become life threatening.
01:28
Now the U in sulfanomides, we use
them to primarily treat UTIs.
01:33
So S, remember the potential for
Stevens-Johnson syndrome,
and what you need to teach your patients.
01:39
The U, remember we use sulfanomides
primarily to treat UTIs,
and the L stands for lab work.
01:47
So we have to draw -- watch for red
cells, white cells, and platelets
if your patient starts to show
you any problems
with some clinical symptoms that
they're struggling in those areas.
01:57
Remember, if the white cell count is low,
we call that leukopenia. They're going to
have a hard time fighting off infection.
02:04
If the platelets are low,
we call that thrombocytopenia and they're
going to be at risk for bleeding.
02:10
If the red cell count is low --
hey, that's our oxygen carrier,
so that's a real problem.
02:15
Even though that's the rarest of
them all, keep in mind,
S and U, L in sulfanomides. S is for
Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
02:23
U is because we use it to
treat UTI primarily,
and L is for you've got to draw
lab work looking at
the white cells, the platelets,
and the red cells.
02:33
Now let's wrap up that tongue
twister of a drug combination;
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, all right?
This drug combination is used
to treat UTI, which is
relatively minor when you compare it to PCP.
02:49
Now, remember, PCP is only --
usually an issue of people that are
severely immunocompromised.
02:55
That's that weird opportunistic
fungi for someone who's --
their immune system has just
been knocked out,
either by chemotherapy or AIDS
or they're a transplant patient that's
taking medications that
really suppresses their immune system,
so they don't reject their organ.
03:10
Now, the same labs for this drug combination
are also drawn from sulfonamides.
03:17
So, remember, if you can think back to what
lab work did we draw for sulfonamides,
and I want you to write them briefly in
the notes on your margin.
03:30
Now, we also list that you would
look at serum potassium.
03:33
Which of these 2 drugs in this combination
causes a risk for elevated potassium
or hyperkalemia?
Okay, well, I hope you wrote in your notes
trimethoprim because remember,
the risk for that, for trimethoprim is
elevated potassium or hyperkalemia
and birth defects.
03:56
So, remember, for the sulfonamides,
in your notes, I hope you wrote that
you would check the white cells,
the platelets, and the red blood cells
if the patient starts to show you symptoms,
clinical signs and symptoms,
that those types of cells are low.
04:10
So, that wraps up this group of medications.
04:13
Thank you for watching this
antibiotic video.