Pathology II builds upon the foundational knowledge established in Pathology I to explore organ-specific disease processes with an emphasis on gastrointestinal and renal pathological conditions. This advanced course delves into the structural and functional alterations that occur in these vital organ systems, examining the complex interplay between environmental factors, genetic predispositions, and biochemical disruptions that contribute to disease development.
The gastrointestinal component investigates pathological conditions affecting the alimentary tract from the esophagus to the rectum, as well as accessory organs including the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. The renal pathology section focuses on diseases affecting the kidneys and urinary tract, covering glomerular disorders, tubulointerstitial diseases, vascular pathologies, and neoplasms.
Throughout the course, emphasis is placed on clinicopathological correlations, enabling students to connect microscopic and gross pathological findings with clinical presentations and laboratory data. This integrated approach provides students with the analytical tools necessary for diagnostic reasoning and therapeutic decision-making in clinical practice.
Learning objectives
After the completion of this course, you will be able to:
- Analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic disorders of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract.
- Differentiate between the various patterns of liver injury, including viral hepatitis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatic neoplasms based on their etiology, morphology, and clinical manifestations.
- Evaluate the pathogenesis of pancreatic and biliary tract disorders, including pancreatitis, cholelithiasis, and related malignancies.
- Interpret the histopathological features and molecular alterations associated with gastrointestinal neoplasms and their precursor lesions.
- Analyze the pathophysiology of glomerular diseases, including their immunological mechanisms, morphological patterns, and functional consequences.
- Distinguish between the various forms of tubulointerstitial nephritis, pyelonephritis, and urinary tract infections based on their etiology, pathogenesis, and clinicopathological features.
- Characterize the pathological basis of vascular disorders affecting the kidneys, including hypertensive nephropathy, ischemic and thrombotic microangiopathies.
- Evaluate the pathogenesis, classification, and progression of acute and chronic kidney diseases, correlating morphological changes with alterations in renal function.
- Integrate clinicopathological data to formulate differential diagnoses for common gastrointestinal and renal disorders, predicting their natural history and response to therapeutic interventions.
Course outline
- Gastrointestinal Pathology
- Renal Pathology
