Tyrosine: Precursor of Thyroid Hormones
About the Lecture
The lecture Tyrosine: Precursor of Thyroid Hormones by Kevin Ahern, PhD is from the course Amino Acid Metabolism. It contains the following chapters:
- Tyrosine is a Precursor of Thyroid Hormones
- Tyrosine Metabolism
Included Quiz Questions
Which of the following is true regarding thyroid hormones?
- Thyroid hormones include thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
- They are synthesized within the thyroid cells.
- They are made from thyroglobulin, a precursor derived from glutamate.
- They are derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates.
- Thyromodulin is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
Which of the following is true regarding thyroid hormone metabolism? Select all that apply.
- All deiodinases contain selenium.
- All thyroid hormones contain zinc.
- Thyroxine is the most active form.
- Triiodothyronine, with three iodines, is the most active form.
- Iodide ions are imported into thyroid cells from the bloodstream.
What is true regarding tyrosine catabolism dysfunction? Select all that apply.
- It is a factor in phenylketonuria.
- It can be managed by decreasing the intake of leucine.
- There are only two types of tyrosinemias.
- It is treated by reducing the intake of phenylalanine and tyrosine.
- It can result in black urine disease.
Which amino acid is the main precursor of thyroid hormones?
- Tyrosine
- Phenylalanine
- Methionine
- Selenocysteine
- Lysine
Which enzyme converts thyroxine into triiodothyronine?
- Deiodinase
- Tyrosine transaminase
- Aromatic acid decarboxylase
- Dopamine-β-hydroxylase
- 4-fumaryl acetoacetase
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
- Alkaptonuria is a rare inherited genetic disorder in which the body breaks down tyrosine at very rapid rates and leads to the accumulation of fumarate and acetoacetate in the body.
- Thyroglobulin protein participates in the synthesis of T4 and T3 hormones in the thyroid gland.
- The treatment of tyrosinemias and phenylketonuria involves the restriction of intake of amounts of tyrosine and phenylalanine in the individual’s diet.
- Iodide ions, essential for the production of thyroid hormones, are grabbed from the blood and transported into the thyroid follicular cell via sodium-iodide symport.
- There are two types of iodine-containing thyroid hormones: triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
Which of the following pairs is not correctly associated?
- Phenylketonuria—4-fumarylacetoacetase deficiency
- Tyrosinemia II—tyrosine transaminase deficiency
- Tyrosinemia I—4-fumarylacetoacetase deficiency
- Tyrosinemia III—p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase deficiency
- Alkaptonuria—homogentisate 1,2-dioxidase deficiency
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Author of lecture Tyrosine: Precursor of Thyroid Hormones
Kevin Ahern, PhD
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